Part of Concepts of Ahl as-Sunnah (series completed)
· Lesson 952 of 1251
Summary of Sunni concepts | Concept (950) | Fighting hypocrites
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.
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Striving against the hypocrites.
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Allah, the Almighty and Exalted, says:
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"O Prophet, strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be harsh upon them."
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"Their refuge is Hell, and wretched is the destination."
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The intended meaning of 'hypocrites' here
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refers to those who conceal disbelief while outwardly displaying Islam to deceive the believers.
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Their danger is more severe than that of the disbelievers,
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because the disbeliever is known, and their danger can be guarded against.
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As for the hypocrite, the believers feel secure with them due to the Islam they display,
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yet they gain access to their private vulnerabilities and ally themselves with their enemies.
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This is why their punishment on the Day of Resurrection is more severe than the punishment of the disbelievers.
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The Almighty says:
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“Lo! the hypocrites (will be) in the lowest deep of the Fire, and thou wilt find no helper for them;” (4:145)
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“Lo! the hypocrites (will be) in the lowest deep of the Fire, and thou wilt find no helper for them;” (4:145)
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The intended meaning of striving against them
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is for the Muslims to remain in a state of constant caution regarding them,
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to expose them, and to be harsh toward them.
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As the jurist and exegete Ibn al-Arabi described this striving,
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it is an obligation of the tongue,
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and it is a perpetual duty.
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From this precise description of striving against the hypocrites,
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we derive some distinctions between the two obligations: striving against the disbelievers and striving against the hypocrites.
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Among them, firstly:
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Striving against the disbelievers fluctuates and changes according to different circumstances, times, and places.
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As for the hypocrites,
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striving against them is constant and perpetual in times of both peace and war,
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and in every place and time.
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Secondly:
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The enmity of the hypocrites is concealed and hidden,
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whereas the enmity of the disbelievers is apparent and clear.
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That which is hidden is more dangerous than that which is declared.
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Therefore, the Glorified One said regarding the hypocrites:
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"They are the enemy, so beware of them."
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Thirdly:
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The danger of the hypocrites usually comes from within the Muslim ranks,
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while the danger of the disbelievers usually comes from the outside.
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The danger from the outside cannot always succeed without support from the inside.
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Reality bears witness to this,
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as seen in Afghanistan and Iraq.
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Fourthly:
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Striving against the disbelievers may be an individual obligation or a communal one,
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and it may be waived due to valid excuses.
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As for striving against the hypocrites,
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it is not subject to being waived.
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It is an individual obligation upon every accountable person according to their capacity.
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The correct understanding and sound stance regarding striving against the hypocrites is summarized as follows:
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First:
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Detesting them and disavowing them, their characteristics, and their actions,
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as well as shunning them and their gatherings.
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This is part of the striving of the heart against them.
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Second:
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Exposing them, unmasking them, and revealing their secrets,
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monitoring their news, plans, and media outlets,
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and labeling them with the name Allah has given them: the hypocrites.
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Third:
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Striving against them with the tongue,
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and what serves as its equivalent, such as writing and other means,
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repelling their plots and misconceptions,
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warning people against them and against their lies, deception, and cunning,
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and establishing the proof against them.
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Fourth:
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Removing them from positions of influence within the Ummah,
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and inspecting the internal ranks is important,
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especially the ranks of the callers to Islam and the mujahidin.
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One must be wary of praising them or arguing on their behalf.
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Fifth:
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Refraining from praying behind them or performing the funeral prayer for them,
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and not seeking forgiveness for them if their disbelief is manifest and they die in that state.
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Sixth:
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Admonishing them, rebuking them, advising them, and calling them to repentance.
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Seventh:
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Passing judgment of apostasy upon them if any of the nullifiers of Islam become manifest from them,
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and carrying out the prescribed punishment for apostasy upon them.
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Eighth:
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Striving against them with the hand and being harsh toward them if there is safety from discord or corruption,
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and striving to paralyze their movement and effectiveness.
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The Glorified One said regarding striving against them with the hand:
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"If the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is disease and those who spread rumors in the city do not cease..."
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“If the hypocrites, and those in whose hearts is a disease, and the alarmists in the city do not cease, We verily shall urge thee on against them, then they will be your neighbours in it but a little while.” (33:60)
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And the Almighty said:
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"Say, 'Do you await for us except one of the two best things?'"
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“Say: Can ye await for us aught save one of two good things (death or victory in Allah's way)? while we await for you that Allah will afflict you with a doom from Him or at our hands. Await then! Lo! We are awaiting with you.” (9:52)
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The scholars of Tafsir said:
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"Or by our hands," meaning through killing,
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"If you manifest what is in your hearts, we will kill you."
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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.