Part of Concepts of Ahl as-Sunnah (series completed)
· Lesson 62 of 1251
Summary of Sunni concepts | Concept (60) | Collective sayings about rulers
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Transcript
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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.
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Comprehensive statements regarding rulers.
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Among the eloquent and comprehensive statements regarding rulers:
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First: The righteous ruler.
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He is one who venerates the command of Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him).
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He protects His Sharia and submits to it.
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He is not one who makes his own obedience a religion,
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To be prioritized over the obedience of Allah and His Messenger.
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Second:
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The Ummah that prioritizes obedience to the ruler over obedience to the Most Merciful
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Is an Ummah of this world, not an Ummah of religion.
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It is forsaken and granted no victory.
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Third:
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Advising the ruler is not strictly private or public in all circumstances;
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Rather, it depends on the public interest and what the situation requires.
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Moderation in this is the methodology of the salaf.
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Fourth:
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The oppressive ruler cannot commit oppression alone,
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Without the assistance or support of his entourage and the people.
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Pharaoh said to his people:
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"Let me kill Musa."
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Fifth:
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An evil entourage is not what plants evil in the soul of an oppressive ruler;
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Rather, the evil is rooted within him.
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He is the one who chose this entourage and distanced the righteous one.
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The evil entourage merely watered what he had already planted.
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Therefore, Allah punishes the oppressor and his entourage equally.
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Sixth:
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An evil entourage is keen to know the ruler and his desires,
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So they incite him toward them, even without their own conviction,
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In order to draw near to him and gain his favor.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“The chiefs of Pharaoh's people said: (O King), wilt thou suffer Moses and his people to make mischief in the land, and flout thee and thy gods? He said: We will slay their sons and spare their women, for lo! we are in power over them.” (7:127)
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Seventh:
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Among the signs of a ruler’s misfortune
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Is that Allah appoints for him an evil entourage or an evil companion who makes his deeds seem fair to him.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“And We assigned them comrades (in the world), who made their present and their past fairseeming unto them. And the Word concerning nations of the jinn and humankind who passed away before them hath effect for them. Lo! they were ever losers.” (41:25)
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Eighth:
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A tyrant does not create himself; rather, the people create him.
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Allah the Almighty says regarding Pharaoh and his people:
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"So he bluffed his people, and they obeyed him; indeed, they were a people defiantly disobedient."
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Ninth:
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If an oppressive ruler wishes to strike at someone,
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He fabricates excuses and flimsy accusations to justify his actions.
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When Pharaoh wanted to strike at the sorcerers
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Because of their belief in the Lord of Musa and for embarrassing him before the public,
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He said:
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"You believed him before I gave you permission? Indeed, he is your leader who has taught you magic."
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"So I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides."
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"And I will crucify you on the trunks of palm trees."
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"And you will surely know which of us is more severe in punishment and more enduring."
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Would Pharaoh have granted them permission to believe had they asked him?
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He accused Musa (peace be upon him) of changing the religion and spreading corruption in the land.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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“And Pharaoh said: Suffer me to kill Moses, and let him cry unto his Lord. Lo! I fear that he will alter your religion or that he will cause confusion in the land.” (40:26)
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“And Pharaoh said: Suffer me to kill Moses, and let him cry unto his Lord. Lo! I fear that he will alter your religion or that he will cause confusion in the land.” (40:26)
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Tenth:
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No era is free from extremism in obeying rulers at the expense of the Sharia,
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And moderation regarding their rights is rare.
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Eleventh:
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Whoever disparages the scholars, callers to Islam, and the mujahidin,
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And tracks their slips,
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While turning a blind eye to the grave transgressions of rulers,
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His starting point in that is following his own desires, not the religion.
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Twelfth:
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The right of the people over their rulers is great,
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Even taking precedence over the right of their parents.
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Yusuf (peace be upon him) did not go to his parents after a long absence;
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Rather, he said:
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"And bring me your family, all together."
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He did this because of the right his subjects had over him.
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Therefore, this should be clarified,
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Just as the right of the ruler over his subjects is clarified.
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Thirteenth:
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Allah did not permit His Messenger (peace be upon him)
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To judge between people according to his own opinion,
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But only according to what his Lord revealed to him.
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Allah the Almighty says:
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"Indeed, We have revealed to you the Book in truth."
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“Lo! We reveal unto thee the Scripture with the truth, that thou mayst judge between mankind by that which Allah showeth thee. And be not thou a pleader for the treacherous;” (4:105)
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So how then for those who are below him (peace be upon him)?
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Fourteenth:
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Whoever among the rulers deems the forbidden lawful or the lawful forbidden,
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Is neither a legitimate ruler nor a guardian of the affairs of the Muslims.
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As for one who affirms what is lawful and what is forbidden,
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And submits to the Sharia of the Most Merciful,
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Then contradicts that in his actions,
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He is a legitimate ruler;
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He is to be rectified, not rebelled against.
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A summary of the concepts held by the people of peace.
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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.