Part of Riyad as-Salihin — Gardens of the Righteous (series completed)
· Lesson 56 of 190
Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (66) | Chapter on the virtue of crying out of fear of God Almighty
0:000:00
Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
0:00
*Riyad al-Salihin* from the Words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
0:09
Chapter on the Virtue of Weeping out of Fear of Allah Almighty
0:16
and Out of Longing for Him.
0:18
Allah Almighty said:
0:23
“They fall down on their faces, weeping, and it increaseth humility in them.” (17:109)
0:29
And Allah Almighty said:
0:31
“Marvel ye then at this statement,” (53:59)
0:34
﴾And you laugh and do not weep?﴿
0:39
On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
0:42
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to me:
0:46
"Recite the Qur'an to me."
0:49
I said, "O Messenger of Allah!
0:51
Should I recite it to you when to you it was revealed?"
0:54
He said:
0:56
"Indeed, I love to hear it from someone other than myself."
1:00
So I recited Surah An-Nisa' to him,
1:03
until I reached this verse:
1:06
“But how (will it be with them) when We bring of every people a witness, and We bring thee (O Muhammad) a witness against these?” (4:41)
1:12
“But how (will it be with them) when We bring of every people a witness, and We bring thee (O Muhammad) a witness against these?” (4:41)
1:16
He said:
1:18
"That is enough for now."
1:20
So I turned toward him,
1:22
and behold, his eyes were overflowing with tears.
1:26
Agreed upon.
1:29
"As a witness"
1:31
means a witness who testifies against them regarding their deeds.
1:34
"That is enough"
1:36
means that suffices you.
1:38
"Overflowing with tears"
1:40
means his tears were flowing.
1:42
Among the lessons derived from the hadith:
1:46
An affirmation of the virtues of 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him),
1:50
as the Messenger (peace be upon him) loved to hear
1:54
the word of Allah from his mouth.
1:56
This hadith indicates
1:59
Ibn Mas'ud's keenness in seeking out the Qur'an, memorizing it, and perfecting its recitation.
2:05
The recommendation of listening to the Qur'an from others,
2:08
as it is more conducive to reflection and contemplation.
2:11
The permissibility of a student reciting before the teacher.
2:15
The permissibility of instructing another person to stop reciting
2:19
if there is a valid benefit in doing so,
2:22
as indicated by his saying, "That is enough."
2:24
The encouragement to contemplate the Qur'an upon reciting it or listening to it,
2:30
so that it leaves a profound impact on the soul.
2:33
The virtue of weeping out of fear of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic,
2:37
upon hearing His verses,
2:39
while maintaining composure,
2:41
observing dignified silence, and refraining from wailing.
2:44
Imam al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
2:48
"And these are the states of the scholars:
2:51
they weep without fainting,
2:53
they inquire without shouting,
2:56
and they feel sorrow without feigning demise."
3:00
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
3:04
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) delivered
3:08
a sermon the likes of which I had never heard before.
3:11
He said:
3:13
"If you only knew what I know,
3:15
you would laugh little
3:17
and weep much."
3:19
He said:
3:21
Thereupon, the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) covered
3:25
their faces,
3:26
weeping with a muffled sobbng sound.
3:28
Agreed upon.
3:30
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
3:33
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
3:37
"A man who weeps out of fear of Allah shall not enter the Fire
3:41
until the milk returns to the udder;
3:45
nor shall dust endured in the cause of Allah
3:48
and the smoke of Hell ever combine."
3:50
Narrated by al-Tirmidhi.
3:53
"Shall not enter [yalij]"
3:55
means shall not go into.
3:57
"Until the milk returns to the udder"
3:59
means until the milk goes back into the breast through its pores,
4:03
which is impossible.
4:05
"Dust in the cause of Allah"
4:08
refers to striving against the enemies of the religion,
4:11
seeking the pleasure of Allah Almighty.
4:13
Among the lessons derived from the hadith:
4:16
Weeping out of fear of Allah Almighty
4:20
inspires steadfastness,
4:22
thereby serving as a shield against the torment of the Fire.
4:25
The virtue of striving in the cause of Allah Almighty
4:29
to make His word supreme.
4:31
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
4:35
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:
4:39
"There are seven whom Allah will shade under His shade
4:43
on the Day when there is no shade but His:
4:46
a just leader;
4:48
a youth who grew up in the worship of Allah Almighty;
4:52
a man whose heart is attached to the mosques;
4:56
two men who love each other for the sake of Allah,
4:59
meeting upon that and parting upon that;
5:04
a man who is seduced by a woman of noble status and beauty,
5:10
but he says, 'I fear Allah';
5:13
a man who gives charity
5:16
and conceals it so that his left hand does not know
5:19
what his right hand has spent;
5:22
and a man who remembers Allah in seclusion,
5:25
and his eyes overflow with tears."
5:27
Agreed upon.
5:29
On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn al-Shikhkhir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
5:33
I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
5:37
while he was praying,
5:39
and from his chest came a sound like the boiling of a cauldron from weeping.
5:44
Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.
5:48
"From his chest [jawfihi]" means his inner chest.
5:53
"The boiling of a cauldron" refers to the bubbling of a cooking pot.
5:57
Among the lessons derived from the hadith:
6:02
The permissibility of describing the humility of a role model whom people follow,
6:06
so that they may emulate him.
6:08
A demonstration of what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) possessed
6:13
of consummate fear of Allah.
6:16
This is proof of his profound knowledge of Allah Almighty
6:20
and his awareness of His power,
6:22
and deeds are performed in proportion to that awareness.
6:26
One who displays signs of humility and awe
6:30
is not deemed ostentatious so long as that was not his intent.
6:34
Weeping during prayer does not invalidate it,
6:37
nor does it negate the worshiper's concentration and devotion;
6:40
rather, it is a sign of it.
6:43
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
6:49
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said
6:52
to Ubayy ibn Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him):
6:55
"Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has commanded me to recite to you."
7:00
“Those who disbelieve among the People of the Scripture and the idolaters could not have left off (erring) till the clear proof came unto them,” (98:1)
7:03
He asked, "And did He mention me by name?"
7:06
He replied, "Yes."
7:08
Thereupon, Ubayy wept.
7:10
Agreed upon.
7:12
In another narration:
7:14
"So Ubayy began to weep."
7:19
Among the lessons derived from the hadith:
7:21
A demonstration of the great virtues of Ubayy ibn Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him),
7:25
and that he was among the deeply grounded in memorizing and reciting the Holy Qur'an;
7:30
he was the best reciter among the Companions,
7:32
as established from the Messenger (peace be upon him).
7:37
The legitimacy of showing humility in acquiring knowledge from those qualified,
7:41
even if the person is of lesser standing.
7:43
For here is the Messenger (peace be upon him)
7:46
reciting to Ubayy ibn Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him)
7:49
by the command of Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He.
7:54
Ibn Kathir said:
7:56
"The Prophet (peace be upon him) only recited to him
8:01
to strengthen him and increase his faith."
8:05
The permissibility of weeping out of joy, delight, and the attainment of blessings.
8:11
The recommendation of reviewing the Qur'an before others,
8:14
as this leads to the perfection of its memorization.
8:17
This is an established Sunnah,
8:20
for the Prophet (peace be upon him)
8:23
used to review the Qur'an with Gabriel once every year,
8:27
and in the year he passed away,
8:30
he reviewed the Qur'an with him twice.
8:33
The memorizers and reciters of the Qur'an have continually followed this practice.
8:38
Al-Qurtubi said:
8:40
"This Surah was specifically chosen for recitation
8:43
because of what it contains regarding monotheism, the message, sincerity,
8:47
the scriptures and books revealed to the Prophets,
8:51
the mention of prayer and zakat,
8:53
and the Hereafter, along with the description of the people of Paradise and the Fire,
8:57
despite its brevity."
8:59
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
9:04
Abu Bakr said to 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both)
9:08
after the passing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):
9:12
"Let us go to Umm Ayman (may Allah be pleased with her)
9:16
to visit her, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to visit her."
9:22
When they reached her, she wept.
9:26
So they asked her:
9:28
"What makes you weep?
9:30
Do you not know that what is with Allah Almighty is better for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?"
9:37
She replied:
9:39
"I am not weeping because I do not know that what is with Allah is better for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him);
9:47
rather, I am weeping
9:49
because revelation from heaven has ceased."
9:53
This stirred their emotions to weep,
9:56
so they began weeping along with her.
9:59
Narrated by Muslim.
10:01
On the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said:
10:05
When the illness of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) became severe,
10:10
he was asked regarding the prayer.
10:12
He said:
10:13
"Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer."
10:17
'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said:
10:21
"Indeed, Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted man;
10:24
whenever he recites the Qur'an, weeping overcomes him."
10:28
He said:
10:29
"Tell him to lead the prayer."
10:33
In a narration from 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said:
10:37
I said:
10:38
"If Abu Bakr takes your place,
10:42
the people will not be able to hear him due to his weeping."
10:45
Agreed upon.
10:47
"Became severe"
10:49
means grew intense and heavy.
10:52
"He was asked regarding the prayer"
10:54
means who should establish it for the congregation and lead them in it.
10:58
"Your place"
10:59
means standing as the imam for the people.
11:02
Among the lessons derived from the hadith:
11:05
The virtue of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)
11:08
and his immense awe and fear of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
11:12
In this hadith,
11:15
there is evidence for the leadership and caliphate of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)
11:19
after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),
11:23
the recommendation of having a tender heart and weeping when reciting the Qur'an,
11:29
and the permissibility of the imam appointing a deputy to lead the people in prayer.
11:35
On the authority of Ibrahim ibn 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf,
11:40
that 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf (may Allah be pleased with him)
11:44
was brought food while he was fasting,
11:47
whereupon he said:
11:49
"Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr (may Allah be pleased with him) was killed,
11:53
and he was better than me,
11:55
yet nothing could be found to shroud him in
11:58
except a single cloak:
12:00
if his head was covered with it, his feet showed,
12:03
and if his feet were covered with it, his head showed.
12:07
Then the worldly life was laid out for us in abundance,"
12:11
or he said:
12:12
"We were given of this worldly life what we were given,
12:16
and we fear that our good deeds have been advanced to us in this world."
12:22
Then he began to weep until he left the food.
12:26
Related by al-Bukhari.
12:30
"Bussita" means expanded and enriched.
12:33
"Our good deeds have been advanced to us"
12:36
means that we have already been granted the reward of our righteous deeds in this worldly life,
12:40
so that nothing remains stored up for us in the Hereafter.
12:46
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:
12:48
The recommendation to remember the biographies of the righteous and the ascetics,
12:52
so that a person reduces their attachment to this world;
12:56
A clarification of the virtues of the earliest foremost Muslims,
13:00
such as Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr and Hamzah ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with them),
13:05
and others among those who were killed in the cause of Allah in the early days of Islam;
13:11
A person ought to remember their companions and brethren
13:15
for their noble deeds and excellent merits,
13:18
seek forgiveness for them,
13:20
and avoid mentioning whatever would displease or belittle them;
13:26
The encouragement to take little from this world and its adornments,
13:30
and to beware of expanding excessively in it, becoming preoccupied with it,
13:33
and falling short in fulfilling obligatory duties on its account;
13:37
The intense fear that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) had of Allah;
13:43
A person should look in matters of obedience to those above them,
13:47
and in worldly matters to those below them,
13:50
so that one remains eager to perform more acts of obedience,
13:54
while remaining grateful for the blessings of Allah and His immense grace.
13:58
On the authority of Abu Umamah Sudayy ibn 'Ajlan al-Bahili (may Allah be pleased with him),
14:04
from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who said:
14:08
"Nothing is more beloved to Allah Almighty than two drops and two marks:
14:14
a tear shed out of fear of Allah,
14:17
and a drop of blood spilled in the cause of Allah.
14:21
As for the two marks: a mark left in the cause of Allah Almighty,
14:26
and a mark left while fulfilling one of the obligatory duties prescribed by Allah Almighty."
14:31
Related by al-Tirmidhi.
14:33
"Athar" (mark/trace) refers to what remains of a thing indicating its occurrence.
14:39
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:
14:43
The virtue of weeping out of fear of Allah Almighty,
14:47
because it is proof of sincere faith in Allah;
14:50
The virtue of jihad,
14:53
and the reward of one who is wounded and whose blood flows in the cause of Allah,
14:57
retaining the scar of their healed wound;
15:01
The virtue of drawing near to Allah Almighty through what He has made obligatory upon His servants,
15:06
and striving to perform them as Allah commanded.
15:10
There are many hadiths in this chapter,
15:14
among which is the hadith of al-'Irbad ibn Sariyah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
15:19
"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) delivered an admonition to us
15:24
by which hearts were moved with fear
15:26
and eyes shed tears."
15:29
Riyadh al-Salihin.