Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (116) | Travel etiquette book

0:00 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

0:09 The Book of Travel Etiquette.

0:16 Chapter: The Desirability of Departing on a Thursday.

0:19 And the desirability of departing early in the day.

0:22 On the authority of Ka‘b ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him,

0:27 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

0:30 departed for the expedition of Tabuk on a Thursday.

0:33 He used to love to depart on a Thursday.

0:36 Agreed upon.

0:38 In a narration in the two Sahihs:

0:41 "Rarely would the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, depart except on a Thursday."

0:48 From the benefits of the hadith:

0:52 The desirability of a traveler departing on a Thursday.

0:56 On the authority of Sakhr ibn Wada‘ah al-Ghamidi, the Companion, may Allah be pleased with him,

1:02 that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

1:06 "O Allah, bless my Ummah in its early morning."

1:10 Whenever he sent out a detachment or an army,

1:13 he would send them at the beginning of the day.

1:16 Sakhr was a merchant,

1:19 so he would send his trade at the beginning of the day,

1:22 and he became wealthy and his wealth increased.

1:25 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.

1:28 The "early morning" (bukur) is the beginning of the day.

1:32 From the benefits of the hadith:

1:36 Some times are superior to others.

1:39 The best and most blessed of times is the beginning of the day.

1:43 It is recommended to seek the blessed time of the day to attain blessing in it.

1:50 Chapter: The Desirability of Seeking Companionship,

1:55 and appointing one of them as a leader whom they obey.

1:59 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

2:05 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

2:09 "If people knew what I know about being alone,

2:13 no rider would travel at night alone."

2:17 Narrated by al-Bukhari.

2:19 From the benefits of the hadith:

2:23 The prohibition against traveling alone.

2:26 Because if people knew what the Prophet, peace be upon him, knew

2:30 of the harm in traveling alone,

2:33 they would not travel by night or by day.

2:37 Being alone carries great harm that befalls the servant during his journey.

2:42 He finds no helper on his path if he falls ill or encounters a threat.

2:47 Mentioning the night indicates that the probability of harm occurring is greater.

2:53 On the authority of ‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

3:00 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

3:04 "One rider is a devil,

3:06 two riders are two devils,

3:09 and three are a caravan."

3:11 Narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, and al-Nasa’i.

3:15 From the benefits of the hadith:

3:20 The one who is alone in his travel is accompanied by a devil.

3:24 Being alone and traveling by oneself on the earth is an act of the devil.

3:29 It is something the devil encourages and calls toward.

3:33 The devil stays away from a group and does not approach them,

3:37 because of their mutual support and solidarity,

3:40 their carrying for one another,

3:42 their reminding one another,

3:45 and their repelling any harm that might befall one of them.

3:50 On the authority of Abu Sa‘id and Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

3:55 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

3:59 "If three go out on a journey,

4:02 let them appoint one of them as their leader."

4:06 Narrated by Abu Dawud.

4:09 From the benefits of the hadith:

4:12 It is necessary to appoint a leader during travel,

4:15 because he resolves any problem they encounter

4:19 by having them refer to him and follow his opinion.

4:22 The leader is responsible for looking after the interests of the travelers

4:26 and warding off harm from them.

4:30 The leadership of travel is not the same as the leadership of the Caliph,

4:33 or those appointed by the Caliph.

4:36 The leadership of travel ends with the end of the journey.

4:41 On the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both,

4:44 from the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:

4:48 "The best of companions are four,

4:50 the best of detachments are four hundred,

4:53 and the best of armies are four thousand;

4:57 and twelve thousand will not be defeated due to a small number."

5:01 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.

5:04 "Companions" means associates.

5:08 "Detachments" (saraya) are parts of an army.

5:12 From the benefits of the hadith:

5:16 A statement that the best of companions are four,

5:19 because they suffice for the intended purpose in residence and travel.

5:24 A statement that the best of detachments are four hundred men.

5:28 The best of armies are four thousand soldiers.

5:32 If an army reaches twelve thousand and is defeated,

5:35 the cause of its defeat is not the smallness of its number,

5:39 but another reason:

5:41 either because of the weakness of their faith,

5:43 or because they were deluded by themselves,

5:46 or because they committed sins,

5:49 or because of their lack of sincerity,

5:51 or other matters that prevent victory.

5:58 Chapter: Etiquette of Traveling, Stopping, Staying Overnight, and Sleeping during Travel,

6:03 and the desirability of traveling by night,

6:05 being kind to animals and considering their well-being,

6:09 and the permissibility of riding double on an animal

6:12 if it can bear it,

6:14 and the command for one who neglects its rights to fulfill them.

6:20 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

6:23 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

6:27 "If you travel in a fertile land,

6:30 give the camels their share of the earth [to graze].

6:33 If you travel in a barren land,

6:35 hasten the journey with them,

6:37 and reach your destination before they lose their marrow.

6:40 And if you stop for the night (ta‘arras),

6:42 avoid the road,

6:44 for it is the path of animals and the shelter of vermin at night."

6:49 Narrated by Muslim.

6:51 The meaning of "give the camels their share of the earth":

6:54 That is, be gentle with them in travel

6:56 so they may graze while they walk.

7:00 His saying "their marrow" (naqiyaha) refers to the marrow.

7:03 It means: hasten with them

7:05 until you reach the destination

7:07 before their marrow is depleted from the hardship of the journey.

7:10 "Ta‘ris" (stopping for the night)

7:12 is stopping during the night.

7:14 From the benefits of the hadith:

7:18 One should give animals their right to food and pasture,

7:22 and not prevent them from it.

7:24 Islam encourages kindness to animals.

7:27 It teaches the traveler how to travel.

7:32 If he travels in a fertile land,

7:35 he should let the animal eat and graze to gain strength.

7:39 If he travels in a barren land,

7:41 he should hasten until he reaches his destination with it

7:44 before it tires from the hardship of the journey.

7:47 The prohibition against harming others

7:49 by staying overnight on their path and blocking them from passing.

7:53 Warding off harm from the traveler

7:57 by informing him about the paths of vermin and animals at night.

8:02 On the authority of Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

8:07 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

8:10 when he was on a journey

8:12 and stopped for the night,

8:14 he would lie on his right side.

8:16 And if he stopped shortly before dawn,

8:19 he would prop up his forearm and place his head on his palm.

8:23 Narrated by Muslim.

8:25 The scholars said:

8:27 He only propped up his forearm

8:29 so that he would not fall into a deep sleep,

8:31 causing the dawn prayer to pass its time,

8:34 or the beginning of its time.

8:37 From the benefits of the hadith:

8:40 A statement of the correct posture for sleeping.

8:44 The superiority of the right side over others.

8:47 The desirability of lying down after the Sunnah of Fajr and before the obligatory prayer.

8:54 The concern of the Messenger, peace be upon him,

8:57 for performing the prayer on time.

9:00 That is why he would prop up his forearm when lying down,

9:04 so that he would not fall into a deep sleep,

9:06 causing him to miss the Fajr prayer.

9:09 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

9:13 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

9:17 "You should travel by night (al-duljah),

9:19 for the earth is traversed by night."

9:22 Narrated by Abu Dawud.

9:25 "Al-Duljah"

9:26 means traveling at night.

9:28 From the benefits of the hadith:

9:31 The desirability of traveling at night,

9:35 because it is more restful for the traveler and his animal.

9:38 Therefore, he does not feel the length of the distance or the fatigue of the journey,

9:43 as if the earth were folded and the distances shortened.

9:47 On the authority of Abu Tha‘labah al-Khushani, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

9:53 When the people stopped at a place,

9:56 they would scatter into the mountain passes and valleys.

9:59 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

10:03 "Your scattering in these mountain passes and valleys

10:07 is only from the devil."

10:10 After that, they would not stop at a place

10:13 except that they would draw close to one another.

10:16 Narrated by Abu Dawud.

10:19 "Mountain passes" (shi‘ab) is the plural of "shi‘b,"

10:23 which is a path in a mountain.

10:25 "Valleys" (awdiyah) is the plural of "wadi,"

10:28 which is any opening between mountains or hills

10:32 that serves as a passage for travel.

10:35 From the benefits of the hadith:

10:38 Separation occurs due to the whispers of the devil.

10:43 The purpose of companionship is to repel what one encounters during travel,

10:47 and to assist with its hardships.

10:49 Separation prevents that.

10:52 The Shari‘ah’s concern for the gathering of bodies,

10:56 because that is more conducive to unity and showing strength.

11:00 A statement of the speed with which the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, responded

11:04 to carry out the command of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

11:08 because in it lies their honor, life, and dignity.

11:13 On the authority of Sahl ibn ‘Amr,

11:16 and it is said Sahl ibn al-Rabi‘ ibn ‘Amr al-Ansari,

11:20 known as Ibn al-Hanzaliyyah,

11:23 and he is one of the people of the Pledge of Ridwan, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

11:28 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, passed by a camel

11:33 whose back had shrunk to its belly [due to hunger/exhaustion].

11:36 He said:

11:37 Fear Allah regarding these speechless beasts.

11:41 Ride them when they are fit, and eat them when they are fit.

11:46 It was recorded by Abu Dawud.

11:48 "Speechless" (al-mu'jamah) refers to the dumb animal (al-'ajma').

11:52 That is, the one that cannot speak.

11:55 Among the benefits of this hadith:

11:59 The obligation of kindness toward animals.

12:02 The obligation of treating animals well.

12:04 So that one may also be able to use them in a manner that does not involve injustice toward them.

12:12 On the authority of Abu Ja'far 'Abdullah ibn Ja'far, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

12:18 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had me ride behind him one day.

12:23 He whispered a secret to me that I would not disclose to anyone.

12:29 The things the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, preferred to use for concealment when answering the call of nature,

12:35 Were a mound or a grove of date palms.

12:38 Meaning a wall of date palms.

12:40 Muslim recorded it in this abridged form.

12:44 Al-Barqani added to it, with the chain of narration of Muslim, after his words:

12:48 "A grove of date palms,"

12:50 That he entered a garden belonging to a man from the Ansar.

12:54 There was a camel in it.

12:56 When it saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, it groaned and its eyes shed tears.

13:03 The Prophet, peace be upon him, went to it.

13:07 He wiped its hump—that is, its back and the area behind its ears.

13:11 It calmed down.

13:13 He then asked, "Who is the owner of this camel? To whom does this camel belong?"

13:19 A young man from the Ansar came and said, "It is mine, O Messenger of Allah."

13:26 He said, "Do you not fear Allah regarding this beast that Allah has placed in your possession?

13:33 It is complaining to me that you keep it hungry and exhaust it."

13:38 Abu Dawud also recorded it like the narration of al-Barqani.

13:42 His word "dhafrah" is a feminine singular noun.

13:47 Linguists say the "dhafrah" is the place behind the ear of a camel where it sweats.

13:54 His word "tud'ibuhu" means you exhaust it.

13:58 "The things the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, preferred to use for concealment,"

14:04 Means he used them to screen himself from the eyes of people when answering the call of nature.

14:09 "Jarjara" means it made a sound.

14:12 "Its eyes shed tears" means its eyes flowed with tears.

14:17 Among the benefits of this hadith:

14:21 The permissibility of having someone ride behind one on a mount.

14:24 Whoever has extra space on their mount,

14:27 Should assist someone who has no mount.

14:30 Carrying two people on a mount is not an injustice to it.

14:34 The permissibility of singling out certain people with a secret to the exclusion of others.

14:39 And the permissibility of not informing anyone else about this secret.

14:43 However, it should be known that this is specific to him,

14:48 And no legal ruling (fiqh) is to be based upon it.

14:51 Because matters that involve legal rulings may not be hidden or kept undisclosed.

14:56 The recommendation to be extremely careful in covering one's private parts when answering the call of nature.

15:01 A miracle among the miracles of the Prophet, peace be upon him.

15:07 Which is the camel complaining to him.

15:09 Not giving an animal its due share of food,

15:13 Is an injustice toward it.

15:16 Establishing that animals have feelings, pain, and sensations.

15:21 The recognition of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, by animals.

15:26 The Shari'ah stands for justice and fairness toward every living being.

15:31 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

15:35 When we would stop at a place,

15:38 We would not perform voluntary prayers until we had unloaded the baggage.

15:42 It was recorded by Abu Dawud with a chain of narration meeting the criteria of Muslim.

15:47 His words "we would not perform voluntary prayers,"

15:49 Mean we would not perform the optional prayer.

15:52 The meaning is,

15:54 That despite our eagerness for prayer,

15:56 We would not prioritize it over unloading the baggage and resting the animals.

16:01 Among the benefits of this hadith:

16:05 Part of complete rest,

16:07 Is removing the saddles from the animals upon stopping.

16:11 The eagerness of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, to implement the instructions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

16:18 Regarding kindness toward animals.

16:21 The eagerness of a Muslim for what benefits him,

16:23 Especially during his travels.

16:26 Therefore, one should rest the animals.

16:30 Riyadh al-Salihin.

Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (116) | Travel etiquette book

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