Part of Riyad as-Salihin — Gardens of the Righteous (series completed)
· Lesson 127 of 190
Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (137) | Chapter on the virtue of hastening to break the fast and delaying suhoor
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Chapter: What is said upon sighting the crescent moon.
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On the authority of Talhah Ibn ‘Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw the crescent moon, he would say:
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"O Allah, bring it over us with security, faith, safety, and Islam."
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"My Lord and your Lord is Allah."
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"A crescent of guidance and goodness."
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Narrated by al-Tirmidhi.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Security and safety are attained through faith in Allah as Lord,
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In Muhammad as Messenger,
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And in Islam as a religion.
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For if faith is lost,
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There is neither security nor safety.
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Security and safety are a blessing from Allah the Exalted that must be acknowledged with gratitude,
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And by praying to Allah that they remain and are renewed.
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It is recommended to recite this supplication upon sighting the crescent moon of every month.
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Chapter: The virtue of the pre-dawn meal (suhur) and delaying it, provided one does not fear the break of dawn.
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On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Eat the suhur, for there is blessing in the suhur."
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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One should not miss the suhur, for it contains goodness and blessing,
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And because it provides strength for fasting.
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On the authority of Zayd Ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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"We ate the suhur with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,"
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"Then we stood up for prayer."
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It was asked: "How much time was between them?"
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He replied: "The time it takes to recite fifty verses."
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Measuring time by physical actions.
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The Arabs used to measure time by actions,
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Such as saying: "The time it takes to milk a ewe,"
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Or "the time it takes to slaughter a camel."
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Zayd Ibn Thabit shifted from that to measuring by recitation,
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Indicating that this time
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Was a time of worship through recitation and reflection.
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It is recommended to delay the suhur until just before dawn,
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As it is more effective for the intended purpose.
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The leader keeping his companions company by eating with them.
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The permissibility of gathering for the suhur.
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On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had
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Two callers to prayer:
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Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Bilal calls the adhan at night,"
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"So eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan."
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He said:
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"There was no time between them"
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"Except for one to descend and the other to ascend."
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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There are two types of dawn:
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The false dawn,
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Which does not make the morning prayer permissible,
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Nor does it forbid food for the fasting person.
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And the true dawn,
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Which is what forbids food for the fasting person,
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And makes the dawn prayer permissible.
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This is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had
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Two callers to prayer:
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Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum.
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The false dawn
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Is the elongated, bright, ascending whiteness,
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Like the tail of a wolf.
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The true dawn
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Is the reddish light that spreads horizontally across the peaks of mountain passes and mountains,
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Spreading into roads, paths, and houses.
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This is the one to which the rulings of fasting and prayer are attached.
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On the authority of ‘Amr Ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"The distinction between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book"
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"Is the pre-dawn meal."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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"Distinction" means the difference.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Allah has obligated fasting upon us,
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Just as He obligated it upon those before us from the People of the Book.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded the suhur
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To differentiate between our fast and the fast of the People of the Book.
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Opposing the People of the Book, the Jews and the Christians,
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Is one of the objectives of the Shari'ah,
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And a goal of the Prophetic mission,
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To distinguish this Ummah of Islam.
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Chapter: The virtue of hastening to break the fast,
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What to break the fast with,
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And what to say after breaking it.
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On the authority of Sahl Ibn Sa‘d, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"People will remain in goodness as long as they hasten to break the fast."
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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One should not add the night to the day,
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Because it is easier for the fasting person,
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And strengthens them for worship.
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On the authority of Abu ‘Atiyyah, who said:
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"Masruq and I entered upon ‘Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her,"
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"And Masruq said to her:"
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"'Two men from the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,'"
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"'Neither of whom falls short in goodness,'"
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"'One of them hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast,'"
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"'And the other delays the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast.'"
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She asked: "Who is the one who hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast?"
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He replied: "‘Abdullah," meaning Ibn Mas‘ud.
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She said: "That is how the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to do."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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His phrase "does not fall short"
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Means he does not neglect goodness.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The recommendation to ask the people of knowledge
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If a matter becomes obscure to the seeker,
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Or a question is difficult for them,
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Or the evidences appear equal to them.
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The eagerness of the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for goodness,
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And their competition in acts of righteousness and piety,
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And their observance of the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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The Sunnah is to delay the suhur and hasten the breaking of the fast,
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And the hadiths regarding this are abundant and reach the level of mutawatir.
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A merit for ‘Abdullah Ibn Mas‘ud, may Allah be pleased with him,
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And his carefulness to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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The Sunnah may be hidden from some of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them.
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On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Allah the Almighty says:"
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"'The most beloved of My servants to Me'"
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"'Are those who are quickest to break their fast.'"
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Narrated by al-Tirmidhi.
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On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"When the night approaches from here,"
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"And the day departs from here,"
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"And the sun sets,"
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"Then the fasting person has broken their fast."
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Agreed upon.
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"The night approaches from here,"
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Meaning it comes from the direction of the east.
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"The day departs from here,"
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Meaning it leaves from the direction of the west.
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"Then the fasting person has broken their fast,"
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Meaning in terms of the ruling,
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Not in terms of the reality,
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Because the time for breaking the fast has entered.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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There must be remnants of darkness when breaking the fast.
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Breaking the fast is realized by three conditions:
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The approach of the night and the departure of the day,
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And the setting of the sun's disk.
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The principle regarding these three is that they are concurrent,
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Even if it appears to the eye that they are not.
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On the authority of Abu Ibrahim,
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‘Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with them both,
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Who said:
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"We were traveling with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,"
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"While he was fasting."
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"When the sun set,"
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"He said to some of the people:"
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"'O so-and-so,'"
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"'Get down and mix some sawiq (barley meal) for us.'"
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He said:
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"'O Messenger of Allah,'"
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"'If only you would wait until evening.'"
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He said:
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"'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'"
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He said:
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"'But there is still daylight upon you.'"
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He said:
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"'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'"
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He said:
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"So he got down and mixed it for them."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, drank,
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Then said:
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"'When you see the night has approached from here,'"
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"'Then the fasting person has broken their fast,'"
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And he pointed with his hand toward the east.
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Agreed upon.
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His phrase "mix" (ijdaḥ),
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Means to mix the sawiq with water.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The permissibility of inquiring about appearances,
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Due to the possibility that the intended meaning is not to take them at face value.
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From this, we derive his, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, approval of the Companion for not immediately complying.
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The recommendation to hasten the breaking of the fast.
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It is not absolutely obligatory to abstain for a portion of the night.
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Rather, once the setting of the sun is confirmed,
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Breaking the fast becomes permissible.
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The permissibility of reminding a scholar of something they might have forgotten,
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And stopping the questioning after three times.
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On the authority of Salman Ibn ‘Amir al-Dabbi, the Companion, may Allah be pleased with him,
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From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said:
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"When one of you breaks his fast,"
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"Let him break it with dates,"
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"For if he does not find any,"
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"Let him break it with water,"
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"For it is purifying."
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Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.
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Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would break his fast with fresh dates before praying.
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If there were no fresh dates, he would use dried dates.
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If there were no dried dates,
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he would take a few sips of water.
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This was recorded by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.
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"Hasa" means he drank.
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Among the benefits of this hadith:
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Breaking the fast should occur immediately after the adhan.
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Or once the condition is met, before the prayer.
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Because it invigorates the soul for performing the act of worship.
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It is recommended to break the fast with fresh or dried dates.
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If one cannot find those, then with water.
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Chapter: The command for the fasting person to guard their tongue and limbs against violations, verbal abuse, and the like.
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Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"When any of you is fasting,
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let him not use obscene language or act ignorantly.
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If someone insults him or fights him,
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let him say, 'I am fasting.'"
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Agreed upon.
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Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, also reported:
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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Whoever does not abandon false speech and acting upon it,
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Allah has no need for him to abandon his food and drink."
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Recorded by al-Bukhari.
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Among the benefits of this hadith:
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The true fasting person is one whose limbs refrain from sins.
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Whose tongue refrains from lying, obscenity, and false speech.
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Whose stomach refrains from food and drink.
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And whose private parts refrain from sexual misconduct.
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If the fasting person speaks,
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he does not speak in a way that harms his fast.
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And if he acts, he does not do what would invalidate his fast.
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Many a fasting person gains nothing from his fast but hunger and thirst.
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Riyad al-Salihin.