Part of Riyad as-Salihin — Gardens of the Righteous (series completed)
· Lesson 137 of 190
Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (147) | Chapter on the virtue of tolerance in buying and selling
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Chapter: The Virtue of Worship During Times of Turmoil, Which Refers to Confusion, Tribulations, and the Like.
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On the authority of Ma'qil Ibn Yasar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Worship during times of turmoil is like an emigration (hijrah) to me."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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It is incumbent upon the Muslim to withdraw from places of tribulation and heedlessness.
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Therefore, his reward is like the reward of one who emigrates to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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This is because it corresponds to the state of the emigrant who flees with his religion from those who would hinder him from it,
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in order to hold fast to the rope of Allah.
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Likewise, the one who devotes himself to worship during times of tribulation and social confusion
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has fled from the people with his religion to hold fast to Allah and His methodology.
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Thus, he is in reality an emigrant to Allah.
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Consequently, his reward is guaranteed by his Master.
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People are distracted from acts of obedience during times of tribulation,
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and only a few individuals find the time for them.
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Therefore, the virtue of worship at such a time is great.
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It is incumbent upon callers to the truth (du'at) to avoid harm,
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neither initiating it nor inviting it.
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This is because the outcome of tribulation is unknown,
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and a person does not know where matters will lead.
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Therefore, what is required during times of tribulation is to ask Allah for well-being (afiyah).
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Chapter: The Virtue of Magnanimity in Buying and Selling,
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and in Giving and Taking,
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and in the Proper Fulfillment and Demanding of Rights,
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and in Giving Full Measure and Weight,
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and the Prohibition Against Giving Short Measure.
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The virtue of granting respite to the insolvent and remitting their debt.
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Allah the Exalted says:
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“They ask thee, (O Muhammad), what they shall spend. Say: that which ye spend for good (must go) to parents and near kindred and orphans and the needy and the wayfarer. And whatsoever good ye do, lo! Allah is Aware of it.” (2:215)
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And Allah the Exalted says:
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"And, O my people, give full measure and weight in justice, and do not deprive people of their things."
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[The text of the verse was handled by the deterministic layer].
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And Allah the Exalted says:
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"Woe to those who give less (than due),
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who, when they take a measure from people, take it in full."
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“But if they measure unto them or weight for them, they cause them loss.” (83:3)
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“Do such (men) not consider that they will be raised again” (83:4)
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"For a Great Day."
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“The day when (all) mankind stand before the Lord of the Worlds?” (83:6)
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On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him:
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He said that a man came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, demanding repayment of a debt,
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and he spoke harshly to him.
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The Companions intended to rebuke him.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Leave him, for the one who has a right has a claim to speak."
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Then he said:
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"Give him a camel of the same age as his."
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They said, "O Messenger of Allah,
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we find nothing except a better camel than his."
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He said, "Give it to him,
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for the best of you is the best of you in repayment."
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Agreed upon.
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"Demanding repayment":
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Meaning to ask him to pay back the wealth he owes him.
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"The Companions intended to rebuke him":
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They intended to act against him as a penalty for his harshness toward the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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"Better than his":
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Meaning superior and more excellent.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The permissibility of demanding a debt when its term has expired.
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The excellent character of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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and the greatness of his forbearance, humility, and fairness.
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One who owes a debt should not treat the creditor with hostility.
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Whoever displays poor manners toward the leader (Imam),
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is subject to disciplinary action (ta'zir) as the situation requires,
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unless the creditor chooses to pardon him.
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The permissibility of borrowing camels.
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All animals are included in this ruling.
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Borrowing for righteousness, obedience, and permissible matters is not blameworthy.
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The leader may borrow on behalf of the public treasury (Bayt al-Mal)
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for the needs of those who are in distress,
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to be repaid from the funds of zakat.
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The permissibility of appointing an agent for one present in the city without an excuse.
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The permissibility of appointing an agent to settle debts.
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This is not considered procrastination (matl).
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On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"May Allah have mercy on a man who is magnanimous when he sells,
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and when he buys,
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and when he demands his due."
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Narrated by al-Bukhari.
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"Magnanimous" (samhan) means easy-going.
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"Demands his due" (iqtada):
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Meaning he requests the repayment of his right with ease and without persistence.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Encouragement to be magnanimous in transactions,
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to employ noble character, and to abandon contentiousness.
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Encouragement to avoid being overbearing toward people when demanding rights,
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and to accept what they can easily offer.
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On the authority of Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:
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"Whoever is pleased that Allah should save him from the distress of the Day of Resurrection,
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let him grant respite to one in difficulty or remit his debt."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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"Whoever is pleased": Meaning whoever finds joy and brings happiness to himself.
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"Distress of the Day of Resurrection."
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"Grant respite to one in difficulty":
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Meaning to delay him until he is in a state of ease.
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"Or remit his debt":
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Meaning to exempt him from the debt by giving it to him as charity.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The virtue of a good loan (qard hasan).
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The recommendation to grant respite to the insolvent until they are in ease.
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Remitting the debt of the insolvent is superior.
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This is done by giving it to him as charity, either the entire amount or a portion of it.
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The reward is of the same nature as the deed.
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Whoever relieves a believer of one of the distresses of this world,
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Allah will save him from the distresses of the Day of Resurrection.
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On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"There was a man who used to lend to people,
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and he would say to his servant,
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'When you come to one in difficulty, overlook it for him,
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perhaps Allah will overlook our sins.'
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So he met Allah, and He overlooked his sins."
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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A small amount of good deeds,
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if it is purely for the sake of Allah,
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can expiate many sins.
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The reward is attained by the one who commands the good,
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even if he does not carry it out himself.
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The laws of those before us, when mentioned in our law
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in a context of praise,
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are considered good for us.
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On the authority of Abu Mas'ud al-Badri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"A man from those before you was brought to account,
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and no good was found for him,
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except that he used to mix with people,
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and he was a man of means,
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and he used to command his servants to overlook the insolvent."
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Allah the Exalted said:
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"We are more entitled to that than him.
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Overlook his sins."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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"Mix with people":
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Meaning he dealt with them in trade and lending.
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On the authority of Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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A servant of Allah will be brought, to whom Allah gave wealth,
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and He will say to him:
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"What did you do in the world?"
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He will say:
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“On that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the messenger will wish that they were level with the ground, and they can hide no fact from Allah.” (4:42)
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He will say:
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"O Lord,
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You gave me Your wealth,
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and I used to trade with people,
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and it was part of my nature to be magnanimous,
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so I would make things easy for the solvent,
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and grant respite to the insolvent."
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Allah the Exalted will say:
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"I am more entitled to that than you.
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Overlook the sins of My servant."
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Then 'Uqbah Ibn 'Amir
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and Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with them both, said:
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"This is how we heard it from the mouth of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."
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Narrated by Muslim.
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On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Whoever grants respite to one in difficulty,
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or remits his debt,
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Allah will shade him on the Day of Resurrection under the shade of His Throne,
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on a day when there is no shade but His shade."
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Narrated by al-Tirmidhi.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The recommendation of a good loan.
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Treating the debtor with kindness and gentleness.
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Granting respite to the insolvent,
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or remitting his debt through reduction or charity.
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These are among the deeds that cause one to be shaded under the Throne of the Most Merciful
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on a day when there is no shade but His shade.
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On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him:
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That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, bought a camel from him,
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and he weighed out the price for him and gave him extra.
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The permissibility of increasing the price upon payment,
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and giving extra in weight,
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provided it is with the consent of the owner.
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This is considered part of the recommended magnanimity.
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On the authority of Abu Safwan,
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may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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"I and Makhramah al-'Abdi brought goods from Hajar,
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and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, came to us,
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and bargained with us for some trousers.
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I had a weigher who was weighing for a fee.
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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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'To the weigher: weigh and give extra.'"
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Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi.
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"Goods" (bazzan) means clothes.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The permissibility of bargaining over the price when buying.
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The permissibility of hiring an agent.
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The recommendation of giving extra when weighing.
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The permissibility for the buyer to ask the seller to give him extra in weight.
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Riyadh al-Salihin.