Part of Riyad as-Salihin — Gardens of the Righteous (series completed)
· Lesson 183 of 190
Riyadh Al-Salehin | Episode (193) | Chapter on scattered things and salt (7)
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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Riyadh al-Salihin from the Sayings of the Master of Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Chapter on Scattered Sayings and Adages.
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And from Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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I witnessed with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the day of Hunayn.
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So, I and Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib clung to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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And we did not separate from him.
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And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was on his white mule.
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And when the Muslims and the polytheists met,
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the Muslims turned back in retreat.
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So, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, began to urge his mule towards the disbelievers.
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And I held the reins of the Messenger of Allah's mule, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, restraining it so it would not go too fast.
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And Abu Sufyan held the stirrup of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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O Abbas!
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Call out to the companions of the tree.
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Al-Abbas said: And he was a man with a strong voice.
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So, I called out with my loudest voice:
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Where are the companions of the tree?
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By Allah, it was as if they turned back when they heard my voice,
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like cows returning to their calves.
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They said: O, here we are, O, here we are!
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So, they fought, they and the disbelievers.
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And the call was among the Ansar, saying:
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O, assembly of the Ansar!
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O, assembly of the Ansar!
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Then the call was narrowed down to the sons of Harith ibn al-Khazraj.
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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, looked,
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while he was on his mule,
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as if stretching himself over it towards their fighting.
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He said: This is when the furnace of war has been stoked.
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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took some pebbles,
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and threw them at the faces of the disbelievers.
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Then he said:
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If they are defeated, by the Lord of Muhammad!
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So, I went to look,
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and the fighting was as it was, as far as I could see.
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By Allah, it was nothing more than when he threw the pebbles at them,
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and I kept seeing their might weakened,
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and their affair in retreat.
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Narrated by Muslim.
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Al-watīs:
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The oven.
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And the meaning is: the war intensified.
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Hiddahum: meaning their might.
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Yarkudhu baghlatahu:
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Meaning he strikes it with his noble leg on its flank to make it speed up.
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Qabla:
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Meaning towards the direction of.
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Akuffuha:
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Meaning I prevent it.
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Ashab al-shajarah:
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Meaning the companions of the Pledge of Ridwan.
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And it was under a tree.
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Rajulun sayyitun:
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Meaning a man with a strong, loud voice.
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'Atfatuhum:
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Meaning their turning back and returning.
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'Atfat al-baqar 'ala awladiha:
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A simile for the speed of their return and their gathering around the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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like a cow returning to its calves.
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Kalilan:
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Meaning weakened.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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A reminder of the courage of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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and his boldness in battles.
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Clarification of the compassion of relatives for each other during hardships,
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as Al-Abbas held the reins of the Messenger of Allah's mule, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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and Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith held his stirrup.
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Clarification of the speed of the Muslims' return to the truth when reminded of it.
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The Muslims did not retreat far,
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because their return was swift.
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A miracle of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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as it is not within human power to throw pebbles to all of their eyes.
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Nor can his noble hand encompass so many pebbles.
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True strength is not in numbers,
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but in faith in Allah the Almighty,
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and intense reliance upon Him.
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And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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O people!
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Indeed, Allah is pure and accepts only that which is pure.
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And indeed, Allah has commanded the believers with what He commanded the messengers.
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And He, the Almighty, said:
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“O ye messengers! Eat of the good things, and do right. Lo! I am Aware of what ye do.” (23:51)
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And He, the Almighty, said:
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“O ye who believe! Eat of the good things wherewith We have provided you, and render thanks to Allah if it is (indeed) He Whom ye worship.” (2:172)
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Then he mentioned a man who travels long distances,
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disheveled and dusty,
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stretching his hands to the sky,
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"O Lord, O Lord!"
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While his food is unlawful,
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and his drink is unlawful,
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and his clothing is unlawful,
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and he has been nourished with the unlawful.
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How can he be answered?
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Narrated by Muslim.
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Innallaha tayyibun:
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Meaning Allah the Almighty is pure, transcendent from all imperfections and flaws.
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La yaqbalu illa tayyiban:
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Meaning He does not accept from charities except what is lawful and pure,
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and from deeds except what is sincere and correct.
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Ash'ath:
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Meaning his hair is scattered.
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Aghbar:
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Meaning his face is dusty.
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Fa'anna yustajabu lidhalik:
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Meaning how can the supplication of that man be answered?
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The attributes of Allah, Glorified and Exalted, are attributes of perfection,
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transcendent from all imperfection and flaw.
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Encouragement to spend from lawful wealth.
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It is obligatory for a believer that his food, drink, and clothing be lawful and pure,
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with no doubt therein.
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Prophets and believers are equal in the rulings of religion,
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except for what is specific to the messengers,
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and that is exempted by a specific proof.
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All pure things from sustenance are permissible for believers.
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Among the impediments to the acceptance of supplication is consuming unlawful wealth.
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And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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“Lo! those who hide aught of the Scripture which Allah hath revealed and purchase a small gain therewith, they eat into their bellies nothing else than fire. Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow. Theirs will be a painful doom.” (2:174)
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And Allah will not look at them, and for them is a painful punishment.
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An old man who commits adultery, a king who lies, and a poor man who is arrogant.
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Narrated by Muslim.
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Al-'a'il: meaning the poor person.
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And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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Sayhan, Jayhan, the Euphrates, and the Nile.
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All are rivers of Paradise.
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Narrated by Muslim.
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Sayhan and Jayhan are two rivers in the land of Armenia,
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and they are very large.
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A river that separates between Sham and Al-Jazirah.
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The Nile is the river of Egypt.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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This hadith is taken at its apparent meaning,
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and therefore the matter is as it is.
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And Allah knows best His secrets in His creation.
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Paradise is created and exists now.
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These rivers are blessed and auspicious.
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A prophetic indication that faith will encompass the land through which they flow,
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and most of its people will embrace Islam.
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And from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took my hand and said:
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Allah created the earth on Saturday.
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And He created the mountains in it on Sunday.
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And He created the trees on Monday.
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And He created the disliked things on Tuesday.
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And He created the light on Wednesday.
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And He spread the creatures in it on Thursday.
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And He created Adam, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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after the afternoon on Friday,
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in the last of creation,
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in the last hour of the day,
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between the afternoon and night.
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Narrated by Muslim.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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An indication of the good way to capture the listener's attention,
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so that they understand the speech,
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by taking their hand,
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or something similar.
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The desirability of deliberation,
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and not rushing in matters,
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because Allah, Glorified and Exalted,
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is capable of creating these creatures with a word,
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but wisdom is profound,
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as He created them gradually.
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There is no contradiction between the Qur'an
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and this hadith.
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The seven days in the hadith
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are different from the six days in the Qur'an.
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And this hadith
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speaks of some of the details
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that Allah has enacted upon the earth.
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So, it adds to the Qur'an
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and does not contradict it.
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And from Abu Sulayman,
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Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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My swords broke in my hand
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on the day of Mu'tah, nine swords,
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and nothing remained in my hand
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except a Yamani sword.
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Narrated by Bukhari.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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The courage of Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him,
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and the strength of his might,
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and his steadfastness in the thick of battles.
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That is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, nicknamed him
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"The unsheathed sword of Allah."
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The steadfastness of the Muslims on the battlefields,
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because they await one of two good things:
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victory or martyrdom.
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The great number of killings of the Romans in the Battle of Mu'tah,
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otherwise, how could nine swords have been broken in Khalid's hand?
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Nine swords.
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And from 'Amr ibn al-'As, may Allah be pleased with him,
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that he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:
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If a judge rules,
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and exerts his effort, and then is correct,
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he has two rewards.
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And if he rules and exerts his effort and errs,
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then he has a reward.
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Agreed upon.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Clarification of the permissibility of ijtihad (independent legal reasoning).
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From those who were qualified for it.
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And the issue was one where ijtihad was permissible.
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Every mujtahid has a share of the reward.
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And not every mujtahid is correct.
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Because the hadith affirmed that error and correctness can occur for the mujtahid.
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And despite that,
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it affirmed two rewards for the one who is correct,
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and one reward for the one who errs.
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An error in judgment, while striving for the truth,
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does not incur sin for its holder, if they are qualified.
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Rather, they have a reward for their striving and their exertion in reaching the truth.
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And from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her,
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that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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"Fever is from the fiery blast of Hell."
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"So cool it with water."
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Agreed upon.
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Fiery blast of Hell.
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Meaning its intense heat and boiling.
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From the benefits of the hadith:
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Clarification that fever is from the intense heat of Hell.
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And therefore, when it afflicts a believer,
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it is their portion of the Fire.
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The recommendation to place cool water on the face of the feverish person
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and their limbs for treatment.
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And this medicine is from divine revelation.
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And from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her,
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from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said:
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"Whoever dies while owing fasts,"
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"his guardian shall fast on his behalf."
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Agreed upon.
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And the preferred view is the permissibility of fasting
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on behalf of one who dies while owing fasts,
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due to this hadith.
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And what is meant by the guardian
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is the relative,
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whether an heir or not.
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Riyadh al-Salihin.