Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (194) | Farewell argument

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

0:03 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

0:13 An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),

0:17 Authored by Sheikh Musa Rashid al-Azimi,

0:22 May Allah preserve him.

0:25 The Farewell Pilgrimage.

0:32 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said:

0:35 "There is no scholarly disagreement that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

0:37 Never performed Hajj after his emigration

0:39 To Medina

0:41 Except for a single Hajj,

0:43 Which was the Farewell Pilgrimage;

0:45 Nor is there any dispute that it

0:47 Took place in the tenth year of the Hijrah."

0:49 The two Shaykhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded in their Sahihs

0:51 On the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam,

0:53 May Allah be pleased with him, who said:

0:55 "The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

0:57 Took part in nineteen

0:59 Military expeditions,

1:01 And he performed Hajj after he had emigrated

1:03 Only once, never performing another after it:

1:05 The Farewell Pilgrimage."

1:07 Imam al-Nawawi stated:

1:10 "Its meaning is that

1:12 After the Hijrah, he did not perform Hajj

1:14 Except for a single pilgrimage,

1:16 Which was the Farewell Pilgrimage

1:18 In the tenth year of the Hijrah."

1:20 The two Shaykhs also recorded

1:22 In their Sahihs

1:24 On the authority of Qatadah, who said:

1:26 "I asked Anas: 'How many times did

1:28 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, perform Hajj?'

1:30 He replied:

1:32 'Only one Hajj.'"

1:34 Imam al-Sindi commented:

1:36 "His inquiry, 'How many times did he perform Hajj?',

1:38 Refers to after the Hijrah."

1:40 I say: and that was

1:42 The Farewell Pilgrimage.

1:45 The author notes in the margin:

1:47 Imam al-Nawawi said

1:49 In his commentary on Sahih Muslim:

1:51 "It was named thus—

1:53 That is, the Farewell Pilgrimage—

1:55 Because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

1:57 Bade farewell to the people during it,

1:59 Instructed them in his sermon,

2:01 And enjoined upon them the transmission of

2:03 Sacred law proclaimed therein

2:05 To those who were absent from it;

2:07 For the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah

2:09 Be upon him, declared:

2:11 'Let those present among you convey it

2:13 To those who are absent.'"

2:18 Announcing the Hajj of the Prophet,

2:20 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to the People.

2:22 When

2:24 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah

2:26 Be upon him, resolved to perform Hajj,

2:28 He informed the people that he intended to make the pilgrimage,

2:30 Prompting them to prepare for departure.

2:33 Those dwelling around Medina heard of this,

2:35 And arrived eagerly wishing to perform Hajj

2:37 Alongside the Messenger of Allah,

2:39 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

2:41 Multitudes joined him along the route,

2:43 In numbers that could not be counted,

2:45 Stretching before him,

2:47 Behind him,

2:49 And to his right and left,

2:51 As far as the eye could see.

2:53 Imam Muslim recorded

2:55 In his Sahih

2:57 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah,

2:59 May Allah be pleased with both of them, who said:

3:01 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

3:03 Remained in Medina for nine years

3:05 Without performing Hajj.

3:07 Then, in the tenth year, it was announced among the people

3:09 That the Messenger of Allah,

3:11 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was going for Hajj.

3:13 Thereupon, a great multitude

3:15 Of people arrived in Medina,

3:17 All of them seeking

3:19 To follow the lead of the Messenger of Allah,

3:21 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

3:23 And emulate his rituals."

3:25 Jabir continued: "I looked ahead,

3:27 And as far as the eye could see before him,

3:29 There were riders and pedestrians;

3:31 And likewise to his right,

3:33 Likewise to his left,

3:35 And likewise behind him."

3:37 In the narration of Imam al-Nasa'i

3:39 In al-Sunan al-Kubra,

3:41 With an authentic chain of transmission,

3:43 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah,

3:45 May Allah be pleased with both of them, he said:

3:47 "No one remained

3:49 Who was capable of coming,

3:51 Whether riding or on foot,

3:53 But had arrived."

3:57 The Departure of the Prophet, Peace and Blessings of Allah Be upon Him,

3:59 From Medina.

4:01 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out

4:05 From the City of the Prophet (Medina)

4:07 Heading toward Mecca—

4:09 May Allah ennoble it—

4:11 On a Saturday,

4:13 When five nights remained

4:15 Of Dhu al-Qi'dah.

4:17 This took place after he had prayed

4:19 Four rak'ahs for the Zuhr prayer in Medina.

4:21 The two Shaykhs recorded

4:23 In their Sahihs

4:25 On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her,

4:27 Who said:

4:29 "We set out with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

4:31 When five nights remained

4:33 Of Dhu al-Qi'dah,

4:35 Envisaging nothing other than Hajj."

4:37 Ibn Ishaq relied upon

4:39 The account of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her,

4:41 Regarding the date of

4:43 The departure of the Prophet, peace be upon him,

4:45 From Medina,

4:47 And did not adopt any other view.

4:49 Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih

4:51 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas,

4:53 May Allah be pleased with both of them, who said:

4:55 "The Prophet,

4:57 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out from Medina

4:59 After he had combed his hair,

5:01 Applied oil,

5:03 And donned his waist-wrapper and upper cloak,

5:05 He and his Companions.

5:07 He did not forbid any type

5:09 Of cloak or waist-wrapper from being worn

5:11 Except those dyed with saffron,

5:13 Which leave marks on the skin"—

5:15 Meaning whose dye rubs off

5:17 Onto the body, staining it

5:19 With its color.

5:21 "By morning, he reached Dhu al-Hulayfah,

5:23 Mounted his riding-camel until

5:25 He and his Companions entered the state of ihram,

5:27 And marked his sacrificial camel with a garland;

5:29 And that was when five nights remained

5:31 Of Dhu al-Qi'dah."

5:33 The Departure of the Prophet's Wives,

5:37 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

5:39 Along with Him.

5:43 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out

5:45 Accompanied by all of his wives,

5:47 May Allah be pleased with them.

5:49 Imam Ahmad recorded

5:51 In his Musnad with a good (hasan) chain of transmission

5:53 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah,

5:55 May Allah be pleased with him, who said:

5:57 "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

5:59 Said to his wives

6:01 In the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage:

6:03 'This is the pilgrimage for you,

6:05 And after it you must remain upon the mats of your homes.'"

6:07 The author notes in the margin:

6:09 Ibn al-Athir stated

6:11 In al-Nihayah:

6:13 "That is, you should not venture

6:15 Out of your houses again,

6:17 But rather keep to the mats (husur),

6:19 Which is the plural of hasir:

6:21 The woven reed mat spread out in homes."

6:23 Al-Sindi remarked in his commentary:

6:25 "Perhaps what was meant by this

6:27 Was to comfort their hearts

6:29 Regarding foregoing Hajj thereafter

6:31 If it proved too difficult to undertake,

6:33 Or that it was permissible for them to forgo it,

6:35 Not that they were strictly forbidden from performing Hajj;

6:37 For it is firmly established that they performed Hajj after his death,

6:39 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."

6:41 I say:

6:43 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, granted them permission to perform Hajj

6:45 During his caliphate,

6:47 In the final Hajj

6:49 That he himself performed,

6:51 As recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari.

6:53 It was reported that all of them

6:55 Used to perform Hajj,

6:57 Except Zaynab bint Jahsh

6:59 And Sawdah bint Zam'ah,

7:01 Who both used to say:

7:03 "By Allah, no riding-beast shall ever

7:05 Carry us again after we heard

7:07 That instruction from the Prophet,

7:09 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."

7:11 The route of the Prophet,

7:15 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

7:17 to the miqat of Dhu al-Hulayfah

7:19 and his entering into ihram.

7:21 The Messenger of Allah,

7:24 peace be upon him, set out

7:26 toward the miqat of Dhu al-Hulayfah,

7:28 taking the route of al-Shajarah,

7:30 until he reached it

7:32 before praying the 'Asr prayer.

7:34 He prayed it there shortened to two rak'ahs,

7:36 and then stayed overnight there

7:38 until morning came.

7:40 He prayed Maghrib, 'Isha',

7:42 Fajr, and Zuhr there;

7:44 thus he performed at Dhu al-Hulayfah

7:46 five prayers in total.

7:48 The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] narrated in their Sahihs

7:50 from Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both,

7:52 who said:

7:54 "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

7:56 used to leave by way of

7:58 al-Shajarah and enter [back]

8:00 by way of al-Mu'arras."

8:02 And the two Shaykhs narrated in their Sahihs

8:04 from Anas ibn Malik,

8:06 may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

8:08 "The Messenger of Allah,

8:10 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prayed

8:12 — while we were with him in Medina —

8:14 four rak'ahs for Zuhr,

8:16 and two rak'ahs for 'Asr at Dhu al-Hulayfah.

8:18 Then he stayed the night

8:20 until morning."

8:22 And Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih

8:24 from Ibn 'Abbas,

8:26 may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

8:28 "The Messenger of Allah,

8:30 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

8:32 prayed Zuhr at Dhu al-Hulayfah."

8:34 And the Messenger of Allah,

8:37 peace be upon him,

8:39 went round that night to his wives,

8:41 all nine of them, may Allah be pleased with them.

8:43 For indeed, the two Shaykhs narrated

8:45 in their Sahihs

8:47 from 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her,

8:49 that she said: "I perfumed the Messenger of Allah,

8:51 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him;

8:53 then he went round among his wives,

8:55 and in the morning entered

8:57 the state of ihram."

8:59 And there came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

9:01 during that night,

9:03 a visitor sent from his Lord, Glorified is He,

9:05 in that very place —

9:07 which is the valley of al-'Aqiq —

9:09 conveying an order from his Lord,

9:11 Glorified is He, that he declare

9:13 in this pilgrimage of his:

9:15 "An 'Umrah within a Hajj."

9:17 For indeed, Imam al-Bukhari narrated

9:19 in his Sahih

9:21 from 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

9:23 "I heard the Prophet,

9:25 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

9:27 saying in the valley of al-'Aqiq:

9:29 'A visitor came to me tonight

9:31 from my Lord and said:

9:33 "Pray in this blessed

9:35 valley, and say:

9:37 'An 'Umrah within a Hajj.'"'"

9:39 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:

9:41 "What is apparent is that

9:43 his being commanded, peace be upon him,

9:45 to pray in the valley of al-'Aqiq

9:47 was a command to remain

9:49 there until he had prayed

9:51 the Zuhr prayer,

9:53 because the command only came to him

9:55 at night, and he informed them of it

9:57 after the Fajr prayer.

9:59 Thus, none remained except the Zuhr prayer,

10:01 so he was commanded to pray it

10:03 there and to enter

10:05 ihram immediately after it."

10:07 An abridgment

10:10 of the Prophetic biography (Seerah):

10:12 "If the yearning

10:14 of people

10:16 for one another grows long,

10:20 the yearning toward you

10:22 has bounds that cannot be measured.

10:26 May Allah send blessings

10:28 upon you whenever the call [to prayer]

10:30 is raised,

10:32 and whenever lips

10:34 move in praise

10:39 of the Everlasting."

Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (194) | Farewell argument

Transcript