Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 176 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (199) | The sermon of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, on the Day of Sacrifice
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah),
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Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-Azimi,
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May Allah preserve him.
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The Prophet's sermon on the Day of Sacrifice (Yawm al-Nahr).
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On this noble day, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) delivered a momentous sermon,
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As corroborated by extensively transmitted hadiths.
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Among them, Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) addressed the people on the Day of Sacrifice,
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Saying:
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"O people!
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What day is this?"
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They replied:
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"A sacred day."
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He asked:
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"And what land is this?"
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They replied:
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"A sacred land."
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He asked:
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"And what month is this?"
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They replied:
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"A sacred month."
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He said:
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"Verily, your blood, your property, and your honor are sacred to you,
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Just as this day of yours is sacred,
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In this land of yours,
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In this month of yours."
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And he repeated this several times.
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Then he raised his head and said:
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"O Allah, have I conveyed [the message]?
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O Allah, have I conveyed [the message]?"
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Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said:
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"By the One in Whose hand is my soul!
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It was indeed his testament to his Ummah:
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'Let the one who is present convey it to the one who is absent;
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And do not revert after me to being like disbelievers, striking one another's necks.'"
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The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] recorded in their *Sahih*s, and Imam Ahmad in his *Musnad*,
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On the authority of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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The Prophet (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon during his pilgrimage, saying:
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"Indeed, time has completed its cycle and returned to its original state as on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth.
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The year consists of twelve months,
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Four of which are sacred:
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Three consecutive ones—
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Dhu al-Qa'dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, and al-Muharram—
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And Rajab of Mudar,
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Which falls between Jumada and Sha'ban."
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Then he asked:
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"Behold, what day is this?"
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We replied:
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"Allah and His Messenger know best."
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He remained silent until we thought he would give it a different name.
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He said:
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"Is it not the Day of Sacrifice?"
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We replied: "Yes, indeed."
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Then he asked:
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He said:
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"What month is this?"
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We replied:
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"Allah and His Messenger know best."
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He remained silent until we thought he would give it a different name.
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He said:
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"Is it not Dhu al-Hijjah?"
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We replied: "Yes, indeed."
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Then he asked:
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"What land is this?"
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We replied:
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"Allah and His Messenger know best."
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He remained silent until we thought he would give it a different name.
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He said:
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"Is it not the Sacred City [Mecca]?"
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We replied: "Yes, indeed."
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He said:
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"Verily, your blood and your property—
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[The sub-narrator] said:
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And I believe he also said:
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And your honor—are sacred to you,
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Just as this day of yours is sacred, in this month of yours, in this land of yours.
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You shall surely meet your Lord, and He will question you concerning your deeds.
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Beware! Do not revert after me to astray ways, striking one another's necks!
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Behold, have I conveyed [the message]?
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Let the one who is present among you convey it to the one who is absent,
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For perhaps the one to whom it is conveyed will understand it better than some who heard it directly."
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The Prophet (peace be upon him) shaving his noble head.
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When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) finished slaughtering his sacrificial animal and delivering his sermon on the Day of Sacrifice,
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He called for the barber,
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Who then shaved his noble head.
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The one who shaved his head was Ma'mar ibn Abdillah al-Adawi (may Allah be pleased with him).
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Imam al-Nawawi said:
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"Scholars differed regarding the name of the man who shaved the head of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) during the Farewell Pilgrimage,
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But the correct and well-known view
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Is that he was Ma'mar ibn Abdillah al-Adawi (may Allah be pleased with him)."
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came to Mina,
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Went to the Jamrah, and stoned it.
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Then he went to his camp in Mina and sacrificed his offering.
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He then said to the barber: "Take,"
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Indicating the right side of his head,
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And then the left.
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Then he began distributing [the hair] among the people.
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Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) shaved his head,
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Abu Talhah was the first to take some of his hair.
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) while the barber was shaving his head,
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And his Companions encircled him,
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Wanting no single hair to fall except into the hands of a man."
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Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with an authentic chain of narration
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On the authority of Muhammad ibn Abdillah ibn Zayd,
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From his father, that he was present with the Prophet (peace be upon him) at the slaughtering place,
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Along with a man from the Ansar.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) distributed sacrificial meat,
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But neither he nor his companion received any of it.
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So [the Prophet] shaved his head into his garment,
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And gave him some of it,
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Distributing the rest among other men,
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And clipped his fingernails,
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Giving them to his companion.
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Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with a good chain of narration
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On the authority of Jabir ibn Abdillah (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) offered his sacrifice,
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Then shaved his head and sat down to meet the people.
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Whenever he was asked about anything [performed out of sequence], he would say:
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"There is no harm, there is no harm."
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A man came to him and said:
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"I shaved before slaughtering."
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He said: "There is no harm."
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Then another came and said:
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"O Messenger of Allah, I shaved before stoning [the Jamrah]."
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He said: "There is no harm."
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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"All of Arafah is a standing place;
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All of Muzdalifah is a standing place;
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All of Mina is a place of slaughter;
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And all the mountain passes of Mecca are pathways and places of slaughter."
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The Prophet (peace be upon him) putting on his normal clothes and applying perfume.
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) put on his everyday garments
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And applied perfume after stoning Jamrat al-Aqabah and slaughtering his sacrificial animal,
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And prior to performing the Ifadah circumambulation (Tawaf al-Ifadah) around the House.
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The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] recorded in their *Sahih*s, as well as al-Tirmidhi—
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And the wording is al-Tirmidhi's—
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On the authority of A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:
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"I perfumed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) before he entered ihram,
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And on the Day of Sacrifice before he circumambulated the House,
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Using perfume containing musk."
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Imam al-Tirmidhi stated in his *Jami'*:
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"The practice is in accordance with this among the majority of scholars from among the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and others.
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They hold that when the pilgrim in ihram stones Jamrat al-Aqabah on the Day of Sacrifice, slaughters,
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And shaves or trims his hair,
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Everything that was forbidden to him becomes permissible,
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Except for intimacy with women.
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This is the view of al-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq."
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His (peace be upon him) Ifadah circumambulation and his stay in Mina.
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) performed Tawaf al-Ifadah while riding his she-camel.
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) mounted his ride
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And departed to circumambulate the House,
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And he prayed Zuhr in Mecca."
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The two Shaykhs recorded in their *Sahih*s
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On the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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"The Prophet (peace be upon him) circumambulated during the Farewell Pilgrimage while mounted on a camel,
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Touching the Corner with a hooked staff."
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*
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On the authority of Jabir ibn Abdillah (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) circumambulated
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During the Farewell Pilgrimage on his mount, touching the Stone with his staff so that the people could see him, observe his elevated stature, and ask him questions, for the people had crowded around him."
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prayed Zuhr in Mecca and returned that same day to Mina.
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In another narration, he prayed Zuhr in Mina; Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih* on the authority of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) performed the Ifadah on the Day of Sacrifice, then returned and prayed Zuhr in Mina."
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Imam al-Nawawi said: "The reconciliation between them is that he (peace be upon him) performed Tawaf al-Ifadah before midday,
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Then prayed Zuhr in Mecca at the beginning of its time, and subsequently returned to Mina,
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Where he led his Companions in Zuhr again when they asked him to do so; thus, the second Zuhr prayer in Mina was supererogatory for him."
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) used to walk to the Jamarat during the three days of Tashriq after the sun had passed its zenith,
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Stoning each pillar with seven pebbles; Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* and Abu Dawud in his *Sunan* with a good chain of narration
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On the authority of A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned to Mina
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And stayed there during the nights of the days of Tashriq, stoning the Jamrah once the sun had passed its zenith, each pillar with seven pebbles,
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Saying *Allahu Akbar* with each pebble; he would stand at the first and second pillars, making a lengthy supplication with humility, and he would stone the third without standing beside it."
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih* and Imam Ahmad in his *Musnad*—and the wording is Ahmad's—
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On the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stoned the first Jamrah on the Day of Sacrifice in the forenoon,
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And on subsequent days, he stoned them after the sun passed its zenith." Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with a good chain of narration
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On the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stoned the Jamarat when the sun passed its zenith."
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Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his *Sahih* on the authority of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that he used to stone the nearest Jamrah with seven pebbles,
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Saying *Allahu Akbar* after each pebble, then he would advance until he reached level ground,
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Standing to face the Qiblah for a long time, supplicating and raising his hands; then he would stone the middle pillar,
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Then move toward the left to reach level ground, stand facing the Qiblah for a long time, supplicate, raise his hands, and stand for a long duration;
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Then he would stone Jamrat al-Aqabah from the bottom of the valley without standing beside it, and then depart,
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Saying: "This is how I saw the Prophet (peace be upon him) do it."
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The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah).
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Though the longing of creation for one another may endure,
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The yearning for you knows no bounds.
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May Allah send His blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised,
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And as long as lips move with the praise of the Everlasting.