Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 151 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (174) | The Quraysh felt the news, and Abu Sufyan converted to Islam
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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A Summary of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),
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Authored by Sheikh Musa Al-Rashid Al-'Azimi, may Allah preserve him.
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Quraysh seeks intelligence, and the acceptance of Islam by Abu Sufyan.
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All news of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had been cut off from Quraysh,
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For Allah had concealed the information from them.
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On that very night when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his army encamped at Marr az-Zahran, there set out
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Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, the chieftain of Makkah,
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Hakim ibn Hizam,
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And Budayl ibn Warqa' al-Khuza'i,
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Seeking intelligence.
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Ishaq ibn Rahawayh narrated in his Musnad,
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As did Ibn Ishaq in the Seerah with a good chain of transmission,
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On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
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Al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib said when he saw the army of the Prophet, peace be upon him:
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"Alas, what a terrible morning awaits Quraysh!
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By Allah, if the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, enters Makkah by force,
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It will surely be their utter destruction till the end of time."
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So I mounted the white mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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Until I reached the arak bushes,
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Hoping to find some woodcutters,
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Or a milkman,
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Or anyone with a need who was heading to Makkah,
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So that they could inform them of the Messenger of Allah's approach, peace be upon him, and they would come out to surrender to him.
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By Allah, while I was riding and searching for what I had come out for,
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I suddenly heard the voices of Abu Sufyan and Budayl ibn Warqa'
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Conversing with one another.
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Abu Sufyan was saying,
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"By Allah, I have never seen such campfires or such a host as tonight!"
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Budayl replied,
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"This, by Allah, is the tribe of Khuza'ah,
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Roused and inflamed by war."
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Whereupon Abu Sufyan said,
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"By Allah, Khuza'ah is too few and too humble to have fires and an encampment like this!"
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Al-'Abbas recognized Abu Sufyan's voice,
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And called out,
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"O Abu Hanzalah!"
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He recognized my voice and said,
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"Is that Abu al-Fadl?"
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I said, "Yes."
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He said, "What is the matter,
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May my father and mother be ransomed for you?"
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I said,
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"This, by Allah, is the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, amidst the people!
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Alas, what a terrible morning awaits Quraysh!"
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He said, "What is the way out, then,
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May my father and mother be ransomed for you?"
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I said,
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"By Allah, if he captures you,
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He will surely strike off your neck!
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So ride behind me on the back of this mule."
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He mounted behind me, and his two companions turned back.
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So I rode off with him,
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And whenever I passed by one of the campfires of the Muslims,
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They would ask, "Who is this?"
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But when they saw the mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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They said, "This is the mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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Carrying his uncle."
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This continued until I passed by the fire of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.
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He said, "Who is this?"
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And stood up coming toward me.
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When he saw Abu Sufyan on the back of the mule, he recognized him
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And said,
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"By Allah, the enemy of Allah!
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Praise be to Allah Who has delivered you into our hands without any pact or treaty!"
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Then he ran hastily toward the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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While I urged the mule forward,
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And I outpaced him by as much as a slow beast can outpace a slow-running man.
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I leapt down from the mule,
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And entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
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Then 'Umar entered,
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And 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
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"This is the enemy of Allah, Abu Sufyan!
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Allah has delivered him into our power without any pact or treaty,
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So let me strike off his neck!"
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I said,
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"I have granted him protection, O Messenger of Allah!"
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Then I sat beside the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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And took hold of his head,
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Saying,
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"By Allah, no man shall whisper privately to him tonight besides me!"
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When 'Umar persisted in urging against him,
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I said,
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"Gently, O 'Umar!
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For by Allah, were he a man from the clan of Banu 'Adi,
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You would not have said this!
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But he is a man from Banu 'Abd Manaf."
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'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, replied,
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"Gently, O 'Abbas!
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Do not say that!
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For by Allah, your embracing Islam on the day you accepted Islam
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Was dearer to me than the acceptance of Islam by al-Khattab had he accepted it,
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And that is only because I knew that your Islam
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Was dearer to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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Than the Islam of al-Khattab."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then said:
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"O 'Abbas,
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Take him to your quarters,
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And bring him to us in the morning."
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He said:
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So I took him away,
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And when morning came, I brought him back.
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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saw him,
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He said,
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"O Abu Sufyan,
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Has the time not yet come for you to acknowledge
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That there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah?"
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He replied,
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"May my father and mother be ransomed for you!
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How forbearing you are,
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How noble, how devoted to kinship,
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And how immense is your pardon!
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It has indeed crossed my mind
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That had there been any other god besides Him,
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He would surely have availed me of something by now."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
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"Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan!
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Has the time not yet come for you to acknowledge that I am the Messenger of Allah?"
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Abu Sufyan said,
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"May my father and mother be ransomed for you!
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How forbearing you are,
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How noble, how devoted to kinship, and how immense is your pardon!
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As for this matter, by Allah, there is still some doubt lingering in my heart."
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Al-'Abbas said to him,
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"Woe to you! Accept Islam
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And bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah
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And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,
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Before your neck is struck off!"
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So he bore witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah,
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And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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Then Al-'Abbas said to the Prophet, peace be upon him:
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"O Messenger of Allah,
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Abu Sufyan is a man who loves honor and prestige,
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So grant him something."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
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"Yes; whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe,
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And whoever locks his door shall be safe."
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Then Abu Sufyan turned to leave to inform the people of Makkah of what he had seen,
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But the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to Al-'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him:
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"Hold him at the narrow pass of the valley by the spur of the mountain,
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So that the hosts of Allah pass by him."
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So Al-'Abbas detained him where the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had instructed him.
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The tribes then began to march past under their banners.
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Whenever a banner passed by,
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Abu Sufyan would ask, "Who are these?"
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And I would say, "Banu Sulaym."
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He would say, "What have I to do with Banu Sulaym?"
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Then another would pass,
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And he would ask, "Who are these?"
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And I would say, "Muzaynah."
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He would say, "What have I to do with Muzaynah?"
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He continued saying this
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Until the heavily armored squadron of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, marched by,
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Comprising the Muhajirun and the Ansar,
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Wherein nothing could be seen of them except their pupils—
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That is, their eyes.
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He asked, "Who is this?"
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I said, "This is the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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Amidst the Muhajirun and the Ansar."
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He said,
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"No one has the power to resist these!
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By Allah, the dominion of your nephew has become mighty today!"
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I said,
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"Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan!
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It is prophethood, not kingship!"
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He said,
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"Then yes, indeed."
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And in Sahih al-Bukhari,
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On the authority of 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, who said:
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Then there advanced a squadron the likes of which had never been seen before.
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Abu Sufyan asked, "Who are these?"
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Al-'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
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"These are the Ansar,
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Led by Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, who is carrying the standard."
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Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
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"O Abu Sufyan!
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Today is the day of fierce battle;
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Today the sanctity of the Ka'bah shall be breached!"
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Abu Sufyan said,
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"O 'Abbas,
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How welcome is the day of defending the sacred honor!"
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Then another squadron came,
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Which was the smallest of the squadrons,
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In which was the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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And his Companions,
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And the standard of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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Was with Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him.
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When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, passed
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By Abu Sufyan,
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The latter said,
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"Do you not know what Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah said?"
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asked,
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"What did he say?" He said, "He said such and such."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
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"Sa'd has lied"—
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Meaning, Sa'd was mistaken—
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"Rather, this is a day wherein Allah will glorify the Ka'bah,
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and a day when the Ka'bah will be draped."
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Abu Sufyan's return to Mecca
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and his urging them to surrender:
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When Abu Sufyan saw the sheer might of the Muslims,
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he realized he stood no chance of fighting them.
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So he set out for Mecca
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and advised its people to surrender.
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For Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh narrated in his Musnad,
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as did Ibn Ishaq in the Seerah with a good chain of transmission,
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on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that he said:
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Al-'Abbas said to Abu Sufyan,
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"Go to your people!"
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So he set out until he reached them in Mecca,
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and began shouting at the top of his voice:
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"O people of Quraysh!
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Here is Muhammad,
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who has come upon you with that which you have no power to resist!
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So whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe!"
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Thereupon his wife, Hind bint 'Utbah, rushed toward him,
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seized him by his mustache, and cried out,
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"Kill this fat, useless coward!
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What a wretched vanguard of a people!"
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But he replied,
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"Woe to you!
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Do not let her deceive you to your own ruin,
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for he has indeed come upon you with that which you have no power to resist!
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Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe!"
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They said, "May Allah fight you!
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What good will your house do us?"
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He said,
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"And whoever locks his door behind him shall be safe,
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and whoever enters the Sacred Mosque shall be safe!"
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So the people dispersed to their homes and to the Mosque.
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An Epitome
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of the Prophetic biography (Seerah):
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If the longing of people for one another runs deep and long,
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the longing for you is boundless beyond measure.
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May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised,
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and as long as lips move
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in remembrance of the Everlasting.