Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 160 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (183) | Utb Al-Ansar, may God be pleased with them
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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*A Concise Summary of the Prophetic Biography*
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Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid Al-Azmi,
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May Allah preserve him.
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**The Grievance of the Ansar (may Allah be pleased with them)**
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) distributed the spoils of Hunayn among Quraysh and various Arab tribes,
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But he did not give the Ansar anything from them,
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Due to profound and far-reaching wisdoms, as will be explained.
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Consequently, they felt some distress in their hearts regarding this matter, may Allah be pleased with them.
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Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:
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"And some of the Ansar felt aggrieved,
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So word reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
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Thereupon, he addressed them alone,
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Reminding them of the favor Allah bestowed upon them by guiding them to faith in Him,
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By enriching them after their poverty,
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And by reconciling their hearts after complete enmity.
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Thus, they became fully satisfied and content, may Allah be pleased with them and make them pleased."
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Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with a good chain of transmission (*hasan*),
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On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave
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What he gave of those gifts to Quraysh and the Arab tribes,
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And nothing was given to the Ansar,
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This group of the Ansar felt a sense of hurt in their hearts,
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To the extent that discontent grew widespread among them,
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Until one of them went so far as to say:
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'The Messenger of Allah has rejoined his own people!'
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So Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him
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And said, 'O Messenger of Allah!
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Indeed, this tribe of the Ansar have felt upset with you in their hearts
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Because of what you did with this booty that you acquired;
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You distributed it among your people,
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And gave generous gifts to the Arab tribes,
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While nothing was given to this tribe of the Ansar.'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'And where do you stand on this matter, O Sa'd?'
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He replied, 'O Messenger of Allah,
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I am but a man from my people.
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What am I other than one of them?'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'Then gather your people for me in this enclosure.'
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So Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him) went out
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And gathered the Ansar in that enclosure.
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When they had gathered, Sa'd went to him
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And said,
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'This tribe of the Ansar has gathered for you.'
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So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to them,
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Praised Allah and glorified Him with the praise of which He is worthy,
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And then said:
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'O assembly of the Ansar!
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What is this talk that has reached me from you, and this hurt you have felt in your hearts?
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Did I not come to you when you were astray, and Allah guided you?
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And poor, and Allah enriched you?
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And enemies, and Allah reconciled your hearts?'
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They replied:
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'Indeed, Allah and His Messenger are most generous and bountiful!'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'Will you not answer me, O assembly of the Ansar?'
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They said:
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'How shall we answer you, O Messenger of Allah,
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When to Allah and His Messenger belong all grace and bounty?'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'By Allah, if you wished, you could have said—
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And you would have spoken the truth and been believed:
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"You came to us rejected, and we believed in you;
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Helpless, and we helped you;
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An outcast, and we sheltered you;
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In need, and we comforted you."
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Do you feel hurt in your hearts, O assembly of the Ansar, over the meager trimmings of this worldly life,
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By which I sought to win over the hearts of a people so that they might embrace Islam,
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While I entrusted you to your firm faith in Islam?
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Are you not pleased, O assembly of the Ansar,
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That the people return home with sheep and camels,
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While you return to your dwellings with the Messenger of Allah?
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By Him in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad,
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Were it not for the Migration (Hijrah), I would have been a man from among the Ansar.
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If all the people were to tread a mountain pass and the Ansar were to tread another pass,
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I would surely tread the pass of the Ansar!
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O Allah, have mercy on the Ansar,
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And the children of the Ansar,
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And the children of the children of the Ansar!'
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Thereupon, the people wept until their beards were soaked with tears,
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And they said:
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'We are well pleased with the Messenger of Allah as our portion and share!'
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) departed, and they dispersed."
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In another narration in the two Sahihs (al-Bukhari and Muslim),
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to the Ansar:
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"Indeed, I give to men who have only recently left disbelief, in order to reconcile their hearts.
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Are you not pleased that the people return with worldly wealth,
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While you return to your dwellings with the Messenger of Allah?
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By Allah, that with which you return is far better than that with which they return!"
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They said, "Indeed, O Messenger of Allah!
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We are well pleased."
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Ibn Ishaq recorded in *Al-Seerah* with a good, disconnected chain of transmission (*mursal hasan*),
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On the authority of Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Harith al-Taymi, who said:
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A speaker among the Companions said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):
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"O Messenger of Allah!
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You gave 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn and Al-Aqra' ibn Habis one hundred camels each,
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Yet you left out Ju'ayl ibn Suraqah al-Dhamri!"
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied:
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"By Him in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad,
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Ju'ayl ibn Suraqah is better than an earth full of men like 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn and Al-Aqra' ibn Habis!
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However, I sought to win over their hearts so that they might embrace Islam,
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Whereas I entrusted Ju'ayl ibn Suraqah to his firm faith in Islam."
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**The Arrival of the Delegation of Hawazin as Muslims**
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The delegation of Hawazin came to the Messenger of Allah while he was at Al-Ji'ranah, having embraced Islam,
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And that was after he had already distributed the spoils.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had waited for them for ten-odd nights upon his return from Al-Ta'if,
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Hoping that they would come as Muslims,
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So that he might return their children, women, and wealth to them.
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For Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his *Sahih*,
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On the authority of Marwan ibn al-Hakam and Al-Miswar ibn Makhramah, who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood up when the delegation of Hawazin came to him as Muslims,
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Asking him to return their property and captives to them.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to them:
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'With me are those whom you see,
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And the speech most beloved to me is the truest.
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So choose one of two options:
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Either the captives or the property;
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For I had indeed delayed the distribution for your sake.'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had waited for them
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For ten-odd nights when he returned from Al-Ta'if.
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So when it became clear to them that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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Would return to them only one of the two options,
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They said, 'Then we choose our captives.'
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Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stood up
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Among the Muslims, praised Allah as He deserves to be praised,
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And then said: 'To proceed:
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Indeed, your brothers have come to you repentant,
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And I have deemed it right to return their captives to them.
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Whoever among you wishes to do so willingly, let him do so;
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And whoever among you wishes to hold onto his share
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Until we compensate him for it from the very first booty Allah grants us, let him do so.'
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The people said:
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'We grant this willingly, O Messenger of Allah!'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'We do not know who among you has given permission from who has not.
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So return until your leaders present your decision to us.'
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The people returned, and their leaders spoke with them;
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Then they returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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And informed him that they had granted their consent willingly and given their permission."
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Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad*, and Ibn Ishaq in *Al-Seerah* with a good chain of transmission (*hasan*),
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On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said:
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"The delegation of Hawazin came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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While he was at Al-Ji'ranah, having embraced Islam,
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And they said, 'O Messenger of Allah!
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We are a people of common lineage and kinsmen,
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And afflictions have befallen us that are not hidden from you,
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So bestow your favor upon us, and may Allah bestow His favor upon you!'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to them:
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'Are your children and women more beloved to you, or your wealth?'
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They said, 'O Messenger of Allah!
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You give us the choice between our honor and our wealth;
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Rather, return our women and children to us,
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For that is more beloved to us.'
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He said to them:
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'As for what belongs to me and to the tribe of 'Abd al-Muttalib, it is yours.
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When I lead the people in the Dhuhr prayer,
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Stand up and say:
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"We seek the intercession of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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With the Muslims,
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And of the Muslims with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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For our children and women."
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At that point, I will give you my share and request the people on your behalf.'
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So when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led the people in the Dhuhr prayer,
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They stood up and spoke as he had instructed them.
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Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'As for what belongs to me and to the tribe of 'Abd al-Muttalib, it is yours.'
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The Emigrants (Muhajirun) said:
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'And whatever belongs to us is for the Messenger of Allah!'
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The Ansar said:
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'And whatever belongs to us is for the Messenger of Allah!'
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But Al-Aqra' ibn Habis said:
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'As for me and Banu Tamim, we decline!'
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And 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn said:
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'As for me and Banu Fazarah, we decline!'
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And Al-'Abbas ibn Mirdas said:
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'As for me and Banu Sulaym, we decline!'
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But Banu Sulaym said: 'No!
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No!
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Whatever belongs to us is for the Messenger of Allah!'
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So Al-'Abbas ibn Mirdas said:
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'O Banu Sulaym,
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You have humiliated me!'
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'Whoever among you insists on holding onto his right to these captives,
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He shall have six camels for every captive person from the very first booty we acquire.'
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So they returned the children and women to the people."
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**The Umrah of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) from Al-Ji'ranah**
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When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) finished
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Distributing the spoils of Hunayn at Al-Ji'ranah,
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He entered into the state of Ihram for 'Umrah, which was the 'Umrah of Al-Ji'ranah.
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For Imam Ahmad and Al-Tirmidhi recorded with a good chain of transmission (*hasan*),
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On the authority of Muharrish al-Ka'bi (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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Departed from Al-Ji'ranah by night to perform 'Umrah,
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Entered Mecca by night and completed his 'Umrah,
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And then left that very night,
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and by morning he was back at al-Ji'ranah as though he had spent the whole night there.
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Then, when the sun passed its meridian the following day,
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he departed through the valley of Sarif,
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until he joined the main road at the valley of Sarif.
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That is why his 'umrah remained unnoticed by many people.
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Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad, and Abu Dawud
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in his Sunan with an authentic chain of transmission,
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on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
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and his Companions performed 'umrah from al-Ji'ranah;
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they walked briskly (ramal) around the House,
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placing their upper garments beneath their right armpits
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and casting the ends over their left shoulders."
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Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar stated in Fath al-Bari:
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"As for entering Mecca by night,
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it never occurred from him (peace be upon him)
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except during the 'umrah of al-Ji'ranah.
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For he (peace be upon him)
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assumed ihram from al-Ji'ranah,
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entered Mecca at night,
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completed the rites of 'umrah, and returned by night,
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thus morning found him at al-Ji'ranah as if he had spent the night there;
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just as the compilers of the three Sunans narrated
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from the hadith of Muharrish al-Ka'bi
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(may Allah be pleased with him)."
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And al-Nasa'i titled a chapter after it:
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"Entering Mecca by Night."
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The Appointment of 'Attab Ibn Asid
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(may Allah be pleased with him) over Mecca:
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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) appointed
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'Attab Ibn Asid (may Allah be pleased with him) as governor over Mecca,
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and that was prior to his return (peace be upon him)
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to Medina.
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Imam al-Baghawi narrated
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in the hadith of 'Isa Ibn Salim al-Shashi,
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with a good chain of transmission,
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from 'Amr Ibn Shu'ayb,
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from his father, from his grandfather, who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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sent 'Attab Ibn Asid
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to Mecca,
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saying to him:
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'Do you know to whom I am sending you?
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To the people of Allah,
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and they are the people of Mecca.'"
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And al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) performed 'umrah
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from al-Ji'ranah
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and entered Mecca.
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Once he had completed his 'umrah,
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he set out for Medina,
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while the one who led the people in Hajj
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that year was
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'Attab Ibn Asid (may Allah be pleased with him),
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making him the very first of the Muslim governors
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to lead the people in the pilgrimage."
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) arrived
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in the radiant city of Medina
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six nights before the end of Dhu al-Qi'dah,
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in the eighth year
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of the Hijrah.
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A Summary
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of the Prophetic biography (Seerah):
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Though the yearning
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of all people
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for one another may endure,
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the longing for you
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is truly
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boundless in its extent.
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May the peace and blessings
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of Allah be upon you,
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whenever the call to prayer is raised,
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and whenever lips
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move in uttering
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the enduring good deeds
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of Allah's remembrance.