Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 108 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (129) | The Battle of Banu Nadir
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi.
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May Allah preserve him.
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The Expedition of Banu al-Nadir.
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This took place in Rabi' al-Awwal of the fourth year after the Hijrah.
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There is a difference of opinion regarding the cause of this expedition, as follows:
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The first reason:
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Collecting the blood money for the two slain men.
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Ibn Ishaq said:
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Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out to the Banu al-Nadir,
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seeking their assistance with the blood money for those two men from Banu 'Amir,
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whom 'Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri, may Allah be pleased with him, had killed,
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due to the covenant of protection that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had established for them.
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As Yazid bin Ruman narrated to me:
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There was a treaty and alliance between the Banu al-Nadir and the Banu 'Amir.
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So when the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to them,
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seeking their help with the blood money for those two slain men,
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they said, "Yes, O Abu al-Qasim,
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we will assist you in what you love, regarding that for which you have sought our help."
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Then some of them conferred privately with others and said,
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"You will never find the man in a state like this again,"
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while the Messenger of Allah was sitting near a wall of one of their houses.
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"So who is the man who will climb this house,
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and drop a rock upon him, so that we may be rid of him?"
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'Amr bin Jahhash bin Ka'b, one of them, volunteered for that,
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and said, "I am the one for that."
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So he climbed up to drop a rock upon him as he had said,
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while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was with a group of his Companions,
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among whom were Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all.
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Then news came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, from heaven
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regarding what the people intended.
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So he stood up and left, returning to Medina.
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When the Prophet, peace be upon him, was delayed from his Companions,
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they stood up in search of him.
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They met a man coming from the direction of Medina,
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and asked him about him.
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He said, "I saw him entering Medina."
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So the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came forward
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until they reached him.
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He informed them of the news
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regarding the treachery the Jews had intended against him.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then commanded
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that they prepare for war against them and march toward them.
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The second reason:
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The treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and the attempt to kill him.
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Abu Dawud narrated in his Sunan,
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and 'Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani in his Musannaf, with a sound (sahih) chain of narration,
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and the wording is that of 'Abd al-Razzaq,
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from a man among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:
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"The disbelievers of Quraysh
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wrote to 'Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul
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and those with him who worshipped idols from the Aws and the Khazraj,
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while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was in Medina at that time, before the Battle of Badr,
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saying:
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'You have given shelter to our man,
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and you are the most numerous people in Medina.
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We swear by Allah,
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you must either kill him or expel him,
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or we will seek the help of the Arabs against you,
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and then we will march against you with all our forces,
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until we kill your fighting men and take your women as captives.'"
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When this reached 'Abdullah bin Ubayy and those with him among the idolaters,
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they corresponded and gathered,
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and resolved to fight the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his Companions.
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When this reached the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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he met them in a group
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and said:
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"The threats of Quraysh against you have reached their limit.
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They could not plot against you more than you intend to plot against yourselves.
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You are the ones who wish to kill your own sons and brothers."
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When they heard that from the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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they dispersed.
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This reached the disbelievers of Quraysh,
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and then the Battle of Badr took place.
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After the Battle of Badr, the disbelievers of Quraysh wrote to the Jews:
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"You are the people of armor and fortresses,
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and you must fight our man,
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or we will do such and such,
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and nothing will stand between us and the enslavement of your women."
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When their letter reached the Jews,
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the Banu al-Nadir resolved to commit treachery.
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They sent word to the Prophet, peace be upon him:
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"Come out to us with thirty men from your Companions,
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and we will come out with thirty rabbis,"
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meaning scholars from among our scholars,
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"so that we may meet at such and such a place,
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halfway between us and you,
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so they may hear from you.
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If they believe you and trust in you,
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we will all believe."
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So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out
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with thirty of his Companions,
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and thirty rabbis from the Jews came out to him,
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until they stood in an open space of land.
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Some of the Jews said to others,
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"How can you get to him?
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He has thirty men of his Companions with him,
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all of whom would love to die defending him."
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So they sent word to him:
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"How can we understand each other,
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when we are sixty men?
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Come out with three of your Companions,
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and three of our scholars will come out to you,
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so they may hear from you.
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If they believe you,
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we will all believe and trust you."
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So the Prophet, peace be upon him, went out
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with three of his Companions,
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and they had hidden daggers,
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intending to assassinate the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
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A sincere woman from the Banu al-Nadir sent word
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to her brother's sons,
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who was a Muslim man from the Ansar,
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and informed him of what the Banu al-Nadir intended
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regarding the treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
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So her brother came quickly,
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until he caught up with the Prophet, peace be upon him,
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and whispered the news of them to him before the Prophet, peace be upon him, reached them.
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So the Prophet, peace be upon him, returned.
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When the next day came,
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the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out against them with his battalions and besieged them.
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Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath:
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"This is stronger than what Ibn Ishaq mentioned,
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that the cause of the expedition of Banu al-Nadir
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was his request, peace be upon him, for them to assist him with the blood money for the two men."
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However, the majority of the scholars of the Maghazi (military expeditions) agreed with Ibn Ishaq.
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And Allah knows best.
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A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
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If the longing of the worlds for some of them is long,
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then the longing for you has no limit.
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May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised,
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and the everlasting righteous deeds are performed.