Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (171) | Secret with chains

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:03 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

0:13 An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),

0:17 Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi,

0:23 May Allah preserve him.

0:25 The Expedition of Dhat al-Salasil.

0:33 This expedition took place in Jumada al-Akhirah in the eighth year of the Hijrah.

0:40 Imam al-Bukhari said in his *Sahih*:

0:43 "Chapter on the Military Expedition of Dhat al-Salasil,"

0:46 Which was the expedition of Lakhm and Judham.

0:49 Al-Hafiz said in *al-Fath*:

0:51 "And according to Ibn Ishaq,

0:53 It was a watering place belonging to the Banu Judham and Lakhm."

0:56 As for Lakhm,

0:58 It is spelled with a *fathah* on the *lam* and a *sukun* on the dotted letter (*kha*).

1:01 It is a large, renowned tribe.

1:04 As for Judham,

1:06 It is with a *dammah* on the *jim*, followed by an ungeminated dotted letter (*dhal*).

1:10 It is also a large, renowned tribe.

1:13 Imam al-Bukhari said in his *Sahih*:

1:16 "And Ibn Ishaq said,

1:18 Narrating from Yazid, from 'Urwah:

1:20 'It was the land of Bali and 'Udhrah.'"

1:23 Al-Hafiz said in *al-Fath*:

1:25 "As for Yazid, he is Ibn Ruman,

1:28 A well-known scholar of Medina.

1:30 As for 'Urwah..."

1:33 As for the tribes he mentioned,

1:36 All three are clans stemming from Quda'ah.

1:39 As for Bali,

1:41 It is spelled with a *fathah* on the single-dotted letter (*ba*) and a *kasrah* on the light *lam*,

1:45 Followed by the *ya* of affiliation.

1:47 It is a major tribe,

1:49 Tracing their lineage back to Bali ibn 'Amr ibn al-Haf ibn Quda'ah.

1:53 As for 'Udhrah,

1:55 It is with a *dammah* on the undotted *'ayn* and a *sukun* on the dotted *dhal*.

1:59 It is a major tribe,

2:01 Tracing their lineage back to 'Udhrah ibn Sa'd.

2:04 The reason for this expedition:

2:10 Ibn Sa'd stated in his *Tabaqat*:

2:13 News reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

2:16 That a gathering from Quda'ah had mobilized,

2:19 Intending to advance toward the outskirts of Medina.

2:23 The appointment of 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him) as commander:

2:30 So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) summoned

2:35 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him)

2:38 And appointed him commander over this expedition.

2:41 For Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* and al-Bukhari

2:44 In *al-Adab al-Mufrad* with an authentic chain of transmission,

2:47 On the authority of 'Amr ibn al-'As, who said:

2:51 "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent for me,

2:54 Saying:

2:56 'Put on your garments and take up your weapons,

2:59 Then come to me.'

3:01 So I came to him while he was performing ablution.

3:03 He looked up at me from head to foot,

3:05 Then lowered his gaze and said:

3:07 'I intend to send you at the head of an army,

3:11 So that Allah may grant you safety and spoils,

3:14 And that I may allot you a worthy portion of wealth.'

3:17 I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,

3:20 I did not embrace Islam for the sake of wealth;

3:22 Rather, I embraced Islam out of a genuine desire for it,

3:26 And so that I could be alongside the Messenger of Allah.'

3:30 Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:

3:33 'O 'Amr,

3:35 How excellent righteous wealth is for a righteous man!'

3:39 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) tied

3:42 For 'Amr ibn al-'As

3:45 A white banner,

3:47 And dispatched him with three hundred fighters

3:50 From among the Emigrants and the Ansar,

3:52 Accompanied by thirty horses.

3:55 So 'Amr ibn al-'As set out,

3:58 Marching by night and concealing his forces by day.

4:01 When he drew near to the enemy,

4:04 Word reached him that they had gathered in vast numbers.

4:07 So he dispatched Rafi' ibn Makith al-Juhani (may Allah be pleased with him)

4:11 To the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), requesting reinforcements.

4:16 Dispatching reinforcements to 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him):

4:25 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then dispatched to him

4:29 Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him)

4:32 At the head of two hundred fighters.

4:35 He tied a banner for him

4:37 And sent with him the prominent leaders of the Emigrants and the Ansar,

4:41 Among whom were Abu Bakr and 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).

4:45 He instructed him to join 'Amr,

4:48 And commanded that they act in unity and not differ.

4:51 So Abu 'Ubaydah set out,

4:54 And when he reached him,

4:56 'Amr said to him:

4:59 'You have only come as reinforcements under my command.'

5:02 Abu 'Ubaydah said:

5:04 'No,

5:05 Rather, I am in charge of my men,

5:07 And you are in charge of yours.'

5:10 Now Abu 'Ubaydah

5:13 Was a gentle, easygoing man,

5:15 Unconcerned with worldly status.

5:18 'Amr said to him:

5:20 'Rather, you are reinforcements under my command.'

5:22 So Abu 'Ubaydah said to him:

5:24 'O 'Amr,

5:25 Verily, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

5:28 Instructed me: "Do not differ with each other."

5:31 So even if you disobey me, I will obey you.'

5:34 'Amr said:

5:36 'Then I am the commander over you,

5:38 And you are reinforcements to me.'

5:40 Abu 'Ubaydah replied:

5:42 'Then carry on as you wish.'

5:43 Thus, 'Amr would lead the people in prayer.

5:46 'Amr ibn al-'As advanced

5:50 Until he entered the land of Bali and subdued it,

5:54 Reaching the farthest borders of their territory,

5:57 As well as the lands of 'Udhrah and Balqayn.

6:00 At the end of his march, he encountered a host of the enemy,

6:03 Whereupon the Muslims launched a charge against them,

6:05 Causing them to flee into the land and disperse.

6:08 'Amr ibn al-'As remained there for a few days,

6:12 And then returned victorious to Medina.

6:18 The fiqh of 'Amr ibn al-'As (may Allah be pleased with him):

6:22 During this expedition, several incidents took place

6:25 In which the deep fiqh of 'Amr ibn al-'As was clearly demonstrated,

6:30 Along with his sound judgment in handling them.

6:32 Among these incidents was:

6:34 His leading the people in prayer after performing dry ablution (*tayammum*) while in a state of major ritual impurity.

6:38 Imam Ahmad in his *Musnad*, Abu Dawud, al-Hakim, and Ibn Hibban narrated

6:45 On the authority of 'Amr ibn al-'As, who said:

6:49 "I experienced a wet dream on a bitterly cold night during the battle of Dhat al-Salasil,

6:54 And I feared that if I bathed, I would perish.

6:57 So I performed *tayammum* and led my companions in the dawn prayer.

7:01 They later mentioned that to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

7:05 Whereupon he said:

7:07 'O 'Amr,

7:08 Did you lead your companions in prayer while in a state of major ritual impurity?'

7:11 So I informed him of what had prevented me from taking a bath,

7:15 Saying:

7:16 'I heard Allah say:

7:18 ﴾And do not kill yourselves; indeed, Allah is ever Merciful to you.﴿"

7:21 “O ye who believe! Squander not your wealth among yourselves in vanity, except it be a trade by mutual consent, and kill not one another. Lo! Allah is ever Merciful unto you.” (4:29)

7:24 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) merely laughed and said nothing.

7:30 Forbidding them from lighting fires and pursuing the enemy:

7:37 Ibn Hibban recorded in his *Sahih* with an authentic chain of transmission

7:42 On the authority of 'Amr ibn al-'As, who said:

7:46 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dispatched him on the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil,

7:52 And his men asked him to let them kindle a fire,

7:56 But he forbade them.

7:57 So they spoke to Abu Bakr,

8:00 Who in turn spoke to him about it,

8:02 But 'Amr replied:

8:04 "No one among them shall light a fire except that I will cast him into it."

8:09 He continued:

8:10 "Then they met the enemy and routed them,

8:13 And they wished to pursue them, but he forbade them.

8:18 When that army returned,

8:20 They mentioned this to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and complained of him."

8:25 So 'Amr said to the Prophet (peace be upon him):

8:29 "O Messenger of Allah,

8:31 I disliked permitting them to light a fire

8:35 Lest their enemy perceive their small numbers;

8:38 And I disliked that they pursue them

8:40 Lest reinforcements await the enemy and turn back against them."

8:44 Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) commended his conduct.

8:49 The most beloved of people to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):

8:56 When 'Amr ibn al-'As saw that favor from the Prophet (peace be upon him),

9:04 He assumed that his standing with the Messenger of Allah

9:10 Was greater than that of Abu Bakr and 'Umar.

9:16 For the two Shaykhs recorded in their *Sahihs*

9:19 On the authority of 'Amr ibn al-'As, who said:

9:22 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dispatched me at the head of the army of Dhat al-Salasil."

9:29 He said:

9:30 "So I came to him and asked,

9:32 'Which of the people is most beloved to you?'

9:35 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied:

9:38 ''A'ishah.'

9:40 I asked, 'From among the men?'

9:42 The Messenger of Allah replied:

9:45 'Her father.'

9:47 I asked, 'Then who?'

9:49 The Messenger of Allah replied:

9:52 ''Umar.'

9:54 He said:

9:55 'He then enumerated several men,

9:57 So I remained silent out of fear that he might place me among the last of them.'"

10:01 Ibn Hibban added in his *Sahih* with an authentic chain of transmission,

10:05 After the mention of 'Umar:

10:08 'Amr ibn al-'As said:

10:11 "I asked, 'Then who?'

10:13 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) replied:

10:17 'Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah.'"

10:20 Al-Hafiz said in *al-Fath*:

10:22 "This serves to identify some of the men left unnamed in the hadith of this chapter."

10:29 Imam al-Nawawi said:

10:31 "This is an explicit affirmation of the immense virtues of Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'A'ishah;

10:38 And it provides clear evidence for the people of the Sunnah

10:42 Regarding the superiority of Abu Bakr and 'Umar over all the Companions."

10:50 An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah).

11:12 The call to prayer and the remaining movements are performed orally.

Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (171) | Secret with chains

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