Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 157 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (180) | The steadfastness of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, on the day of Hunayn
0:000:00
Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
0:00
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:03
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
0:13
The Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),
0:17
Authored by Shaykh Musa ibn Rashid Al-'Azimi,
0:22
May Allah preserve him.
0:25
The scouts of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, bring him intelligence.
0:37
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, quickened his march,
0:41
And while he was on the way, one of his scouts arrived with news of Hawazin.
0:47
Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan and Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak with an authentic chain of transmission,
0:53
On the authority of Sahl ibn Al-Hanzaliyyah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
0:57
"They marched with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the day of Hunayn,
1:02
And he pressed forward rapidly in his march until the late afternoon arrived.
1:06
Then the time for prayer came upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
1:11
When a horseman came and said:
1:14
'O Messenger of Allah,
1:16
I set out ahead of you until I scaled such-and-such mountain,
1:21
And behold, I saw Hawazin coming en masse with all their people,
1:26
Along with their women in litters, their cattle, and their sheep,
1:29
Having gathered at Hunayn.'
1:32
Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, smiled and said:
1:36
'That will be the spoils of war for the Muslims tomorrow, if Allah wills.'
1:42
Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
1:46
'Who will guard us tonight?'
1:48
Anas ibn Abi Marthad Al-Ghanawi, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
1:53
'I will, O Messenger of Allah.'
1:55
He said:
1:56
'Then mount.'
1:58
So he mounted a horse of his,
2:00
And came before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
2:04
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to him:
2:08
'Head into this mountain pass until you reach its summit,
2:13
And let us not be taken by surprise from your direction tonight.'
2:16
When morning broke,
2:18
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out to his prayer place
2:23
And performed two rak'ahs.
2:25
Then he said:
2:26
'Have you sensed any sign of your horseman?'
2:29
They said: 'O Messenger of Allah,
2:31
We have not sensed him.'
2:33
Then the call to establish the prayer was made—
2:35
Meaning the iqamah for prayer was called—
2:37
And the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, began to pray,
2:41
Glancing toward the mountain pass as he prayed.
2:43
When he finished his prayer and said the taslim,
2:47
He said:
2:48
'Rejoice,
2:49
For your horseman has come to you!'
2:51
We began looking through the trees in the mountain pass,
2:55
And indeed, there he was approaching,
2:57
Until he halted before the Messenger of Allah,
3:00
Greeted him with peace, and said:
3:02
'I advanced until I reached the summit of this mountain pass,
3:06
Where the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded me to be.
3:10
When morning came,
3:12
I surveyed both passes,
3:15
Looking out, but saw no one.'
3:18
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to him:
3:22
'Did you dismount tonight?'
3:24
He said: 'No,
3:25
Except to pray or to relieve myself.'
3:28
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to him:
3:32
'You have guaranteed it for yourself'—
3:34
Meaning: Paradise has become incumbent for you—
3:36
'So it will not harm you if you perform no voluntary deeds after this.'
3:39
Malik ibn 'Awf's Deployment of His Army
3:45
Malik ibn 'Awf Al-Nasri deployed his army in the most formidable formation,
3:51
And set up ambushes along the descent of the valley of Hunayn.
3:55
Imam Muslim recorded in his Sahih,
3:58
On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
4:02
'We conquered Mecca,
4:04
Then we went out to campaign at Hunayn.
4:07
The polytheists came in the most impressive battle ranks I had ever seen:
4:11
First the cavalry was arrayed in ranks,
4:13
Then the infantry fighters were arrayed,
4:15
Then the women were arrayed behind them,
4:18
Followed by the ranks of the sheep,
4:20
Followed by the ranks of the cattle.'
4:23
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a good chain of transmission,
4:27
On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
4:31
'The people had laid in wait for us in its ravines,
4:35
In its winding bends, and in its narrow defiles,
4:38
Having fully rallied, prepared, and mobilized.'
4:41
The Descent of the Muslims into the Valley of Hunayn
4:48
And Their Initial Retreat
4:51
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, marshaled his army
4:55
In an excellent battle formation,
4:57
Yet the Muslims did not anticipate Hawazin's ambushes in the bends of the valley.
5:02
When they descended into the valley of Hunayn—
5:05
And it was a very steep descent—
5:08
They were suddenly taken by surprise as the enemy squadrons charged fiercely against them.
5:13
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a good chain of transmission,
5:17
On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
5:21
'When we entered the valley of Hunayn,
5:24
We descended into one of the valleys of Tihamah, wide and sloping steeply downwards'—
5:29
Meaning broad and deeply precipitous—
5:32
'And we were steadily descending into it.'
5:35
He said: 'And in the twilight of dawn'—
5:38
Meaning the remaining darkness of the night—
5:41
'The enemy had already ambushed us in its ravines, its winding bends, and its narrow passes,
5:47
Fully gathered, prepared, and mobilized.
5:50
By Allah, nothing alerted us as we were descending
5:53
Except the enemy squadrons charging upon us as one single man!
5:58
Thereupon the people broke in retreat, turning back,
6:01
Fleeing in disarray without anyone paying heed to anyone else.'
6:05
In the narration of Ibn Hibban in his Sahih with a good chain of transmission,
6:09
Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
6:12
'By Allah, the men were streaming forward unaware of anything,
6:17
When suddenly the enemy squadrons sprang upon them from every direction,
6:21
So the people did not hesitate to break and flee in retreat.'
6:25
And in the two Sahihs, from the hadith of Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
6:32
'They met an enemy who were skilled archers, scarcely missing a single shot,
6:36
The confederacy of Hawazin and Banu Nasr,
6:39
Who showered them with volleys of arrows, hardly missing a target.'
6:46
The Steadfastness of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him
6:50
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stood firm
6:54
With immense steadfastness in the face of Hawazin,
6:57
Accompanied by only a small number of his Companions.
7:01
Imam Ahmad recorded in his Musnad with a good chain of transmission,
7:05
On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
7:09
'The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, swung toward the right flank,
7:14
Then called out:
7:16
"To me, O people! Rally to me!
7:19
I am the Messenger of Allah!
7:21
I am Muhammad, the son of 'Abdullah!"'
7:24
He said: 'Yet it was to no avail;
7:27
The camels were jostling and colliding into one another as the people fled,
7:31
Except that there remained with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
7:35
A small band from the Emigrants, the Ansar, and his household, not large in number.'
7:40
Abu Bakr and 'Umar stood firm with him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
7:45
And from his household: 'Ali ibn Abi Talib,
7:48
Al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib,
7:50
His son Al-Fadl ibn 'Abbas,
7:53
Abu Sufyan ibn Al-Harith,
7:55
Rabi'ah ibn Al-Harith,
7:57
Ayman ibn 'Ubayd—
7:59
Who was the son of Umm Ayman—
8:01
And Usamah ibn Zayd.
8:03
Imam Muslim recorded in his Sahih,
8:06
On the authority of Al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
8:11
'I was present with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the day of Hunayn,
8:16
And Abu Sufyan ibn Al-Harith
8:19
Ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib and I stayed close to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
8:23
Never parting from him.
8:25
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was riding
8:28
A white mule of his,
8:30
Given to him as a gift by Farwah ibn Nufathah Al-Judhami.
8:34
When the Muslims and the disbelievers clashed,
8:37
The Muslims turned back in retreat,
8:40
Whereupon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, began
8:43
Spurring his mule forward toward the disbelievers,
8:46
While I was holding the bridle of the mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
8:51
Restraining it,
8:53
Wanting it not to charge too swiftly,
8:55
While Abu Sufyan was holding the stirrup of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
9:01
Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
9:05
"O 'Abbas,
9:07
Call out to the Companions of the Acacia Tree!"'
9:09
Al-'Abbas said—
9:11
And he was a man of powerful voice—:
9:13
'I cried out at the top of my voice:
9:15
"Where are the Companions of the Acacia Tree?!"'
9:17
He said:
9:19
'By Allah, it was as if their turning back upon hearing my voice
9:23
Was like cows rushing back to their calves!
9:26
They called out:
9:28
"Here we are at your service! Here we are at your service!"'
9:30
He said:
9:32
'So they engaged the disbelievers in battle,
9:34
And the rallying cry was taken up by the Ansar,
9:36
Shouting:
9:38
"O assembly of the Ansar!
9:40
O assembly of the Ansar!"'
9:42
He said:
9:44
'Then the call was narrowed specifically to
9:46
Banu Al-Harith ibn Al-Khazraj,
9:48
So they shouted:
9:50
"O Banu Al-Harith ibn Al-Khazraj!
9:52
O Banu Al-Harith ibn Al-Khazraj!"'
9:54
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, looked,
9:58
While sitting atop his mule,
10:00
Craning forward from atop it,
10:02
Watching their fierce combat.
10:04
Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
10:06
'Now the furnace has grown fiercely hot!
10:08
The battle is raging!'
10:10
Then the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, picked up some pebbles and threw them into the faces of the disbelievers,
10:17
Then said: 'Defeated they are, by the Lord of Muhammad!'
10:21
He said: 'I went to look, and the fighting was still continuing fiercely as it was before, to my eyes;
10:28
Yet, by Allah, no sooner had he thrown the pebbles at them
10:32
Than I constantly saw their edge blunted
10:35
And their cause turning to retreat.'
10:37
In Sahih Muslim, on the authority of Salamah ibn Al-Akwa', may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
10:44
'When they engulfed the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
10:48
He dismounted from his mule,
10:50
Grasped a handful of dust from the ground,
10:54
Then cast it toward their faces, saying:
10:57
"May these faces be deformed!"
10:59
And there was not a single person among them created by Allah
11:03
without that handful of dust filling his eyes,
11:07
so they turned their backs and fled,
11:09
and Allah, Glorious and Exalted, routed them.
11:12
Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan with an authentic chain of narration
11:16
on the authority of al-Bara' ibn 'Azib (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said:
11:20
"When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) met the polytheists on the Day of Hunayn,
11:26
and the ranks fell back,
11:27
he dismounted from his mule and stood on foot."
11:30
And the two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] recorded in their Sahihs, with the wording from Muslim,
11:34
on the authority of Abu Ishaq, who said:
11:37
"A man came to al-Bara'
11:39
and asked:
11:40
'Did you indeed flee on the Day of Hunayn, O Abu 'Umarah?'
11:44
He (may Allah be pleased with him) replied:
11:47
'I bear witness that the Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) did not flee.
11:52
Rather, some light-footed and unarmored men rushed ahead toward this clan of Hawazin'—
11:59
meaning some of the Companions dashed forward lightly,
12:02
without anything to weigh them down,
12:05
bearing neither chainmail nor helmets—
12:08
'advancing toward this clan of Hawazin,
12:11
who were skilled archers.
12:13
They showered them with a volley of arrows
12:16
as thick as a swarm of locusts'—
12:18
meaning the arrows were like a massive swarm of locusts—
12:23
'so the men were forced back.
12:25
They then retreated toward the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
12:29
while Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith was leading his mule.
12:33
He then dismounted, supplicated,
12:35
and sought Allah's help, proclaiming:
12:37
"I am the Prophet, and there is no lie!
12:40
I am the grandson of 'Abd al-Muttalib!
12:42
O Allah, send down Your victory!"'
12:45
Al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him) said:
12:48
'By Allah, whenever the fighting grew fierce, we would shield ourselves behind him,
12:52
and the truly brave among us was the one who could stand abreast of him.'
12:56
[From] The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah):
13:01
Though the longings of people for one another may endure,
13:08
the longing felt for you knows no bounds.
13:14
May Allah send blessings upon you whenever the call to prayer is raised,
13:21
and lips move with remembrance of the Ever-Living.