Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 99 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (120) | The Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, kills Ubayy bin Khalaf, may God make him ugly
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad the Messenger.
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The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah),
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authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid Al-Azimi,
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may Allah preserve him.
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The Companions' Defense of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Ibn Sa'd stated in his *Tabaqat*:
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"There stood firm alongside the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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a small band of his Companions
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numbering fourteen men:
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seven from the Emigrants (Muhajirun),
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among whom was Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him,
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and seven from the Ansar."
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Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*
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on the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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was left isolated on the Day of Uhud with only seven men from the Ansar
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and two men from the Muhajirun.
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When the enemy overwhelmed him—
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meaning they engulfed him and drew close to him—
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he said,
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'Who will push them back from us, and for him is Paradise?
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Or: he shall be my companion in Paradise.'
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So a man from the Ansar stepped forward
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and fought until he was killed.
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Then they overwhelmed him once again,
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and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
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'Who will push them back from us, and for him is Paradise?
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Or: he shall be my companion in Paradise.'
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So a man from the Ansar stepped forward
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and fought until he was killed.
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This continued until all seven were slain."
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When these seven Ansari men, may Allah be pleased with them, were killed,
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there remained with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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no one except Talhah ibn 'Ubaydullah
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and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with them both.
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The two Shaykhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded in their *Sahih*s
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on the authority of Abu 'Uthman an-Nahdi, who said:
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"There remained with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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during part of those days—
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meaning the Day of Uhud—
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in which the Messenger of Allah fought,
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none other than Talhah and Sa'd."
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It was the most critical hour in the life of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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and a golden opportunity for the polytheists.
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The polytheists did not hesitate to seize that opportunity;
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they focused their assault entirely on the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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desperate to eliminate him,
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until his lower right incisor was broken,
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his forehead was deeply wounded,
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and two rings from his chainmail helmet were driven into his cheek.
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The two Shaykhs recorded in their *Sahih*s
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on the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd, may Allah be pleased with him,
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that he was asked about the wound of the Prophet, peace be upon him, on the Day of Uhud,
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and he replied:
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"The face of the Prophet, peace be upon him, was wounded,
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his incisor was broken,
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and the helmet was shattered on his head"
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—meaning the battle helmet was crushed against his head.
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'Abd ar-Razzaq as-San'ani recorded in his *Musannaf* with a strong mursal chain
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from az-Zuhri, who said:
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"The face of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was struck seventy times with swords that day,
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but Allah shielded him from the harm of all of them."
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The Descent of the Angels.
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In these critical moments,
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Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, sent down His angels
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to protect His Messenger, peace be upon him.
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The two Shaykhs recorded in their *Sahih*s
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on the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:
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"I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, on the Day of Uhud,
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and with him were two men fighting fiercely on his behalf,
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wearing white garments and fighting with the utmost ferocity;
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I had never seen them before, nor did I ever see them after."
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In another narration in *Sahih Muslim*,
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Sa'd, may Allah be pleased with him, said:
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"I saw on the right of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,
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and on his left, on the Day of Uhud,
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two men wearing white garments,
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whom I had never seen before nor ever saw after"
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—meaning Gabriel and Michael, peace be upon them.
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The Gathering of the Companions around the Prophet, peace be upon him.
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All these events unfolded with tremendous speed,
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in fleeting moments.
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Otherwise, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq,
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'Umar ibn al-Khattab,
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'Ali ibn Abi Talib,
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Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr,
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and others who were in the front ranks during the battle,
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hardly noticed the shifting situation
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or heard his voice, peace be upon him,
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before they rushed to his side.
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However, they arrived only after the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had already sustained
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the injuries he suffered,
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and they repelled those disbelievers away from him.
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Al-Hafiz said in *Al-Fath*,
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after compiling the names of those who stood firm alongside the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:
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he stated,
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"If established,
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it is understood that they stood firm on the whole,
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while the earlier account refers to those who were present with him, peace be upon him, in chronological order;
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and Allah knows best."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then headed toward the Muslims,
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and the first to recognize him beneath the helmet
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was Ka'b ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him.
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He shouted at the top of his voice:
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"O gathering of Muslims!
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Rejoice! Here is the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him!"
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But the Prophet signaled to him to remain quiet.
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The Muslims rallied around him
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and ascended with him toward the mountain pass in which he took shelter,
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and with him were Abu Bakr as-Siddiq,
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'Umar ibn al-Khattab,
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'Ali ibn Abi Talib,
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Talhah ibn 'Ubaydullah,
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az-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam,
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al-Harith ibn as-Simmah,
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and others, may Allah be pleased with them.
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The Messenger, peace be upon him,
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kills Ubayy ibn Khalaf—may Allah disgrace him.
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Al-Hakim recorded in *Al-Mustadrak* with a sound (hasan) chain
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on the authority of Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, from his father, who said:
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"Ubayy ibn Khalaf came forward on the Day of Uhud,
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charging toward the Prophet, peace be upon him, seeking him.
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Some men of the believers intercepted him,
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but the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, commanded them
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to clear the way for him.
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Then Mus'ab ibn 'Umayr,
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a member of Banu 'Abd ad-Dar, confronted him.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saw
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Ubayy's collarbone
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through an opening between his coat of mail and his helmet,
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so he struck him with his spear.
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Ubayy fell from his horse,
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and no blood flowed from his wound,
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but one of his ribs was broken.
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His companions came to him while he was bellowing like a bull,
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and they said to him, 'What is making you so distraught?
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It is merely a scratch!'
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But he reminded them of the words of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:
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'Rather, I shall kill Ubayy.'
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Then he said:
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'By the One in Whose Hand is my soul!
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If what has afflicted me were cast upon the people of Dhu al-Majaz,
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they would all perish.'
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Thus, Ubayy died on his way to the Fire—
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away with the companions of the Blaze!—
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before reaching Mecca.
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Thereupon Allah revealed:
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“Ye (Muslims) slew them not, but Allah slew them. And thou (Muhammad) threwest not when thou didst throw, but Allah threw, that He might test the believers by a fair test from Him. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (8:17)
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Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said:
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'This view attributed to these two imams is extremely odd—
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namely, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib and az-Zuhri—
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and perhaps they meant that the verse applies to him by virtue of its generality,
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not that it was revealed specifically concerning him.
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Otherwise, the context of the verse in Surat al-Anfal
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is undeniably within the narrative of Badr;
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and this is something not hidden from the leading scholars of knowledge;
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and Allah knows best.'
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Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his *Sahih*
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on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
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'Severe is the wrath of Allah upon whomsoever the Prophet of Allah, peace be upon him, kills in the cause of Allah.'
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Imam an-Nawawi said:
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'His saying, peace be upon him,
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"in the cause of Allah"
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excludes anyone killed by him in execution of a prescribed penalty (hadd) or legal retribution (qisas),
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because whoever is killed by him in the cause of Allah
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was someone who intended to kill the Prophet, peace be upon him.'
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The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah).
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May the remaining part be granted completion and recovery.