Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 141 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (164) | Reconciliation of the Jews of Fadak
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah),
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Authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid Al-'Azimi,
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May Allah preserve him.
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The Peace Settlement with the Jews of Fadak.
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Ibn Ishaq said:
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When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, concluded the affair of Khaybar,
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Allah struck terror into the hearts of the people of Fadak,
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When news reached them of what Allah Almighty had inflicted upon the people of Khaybar.
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So they sent word to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), offering to make peace in exchange for surrendering half of Fadak.
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Their emissaries reached him either while he was still at Khaybar,
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Or at Al-Ta'if,
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Or after he had arrived back in Madinah,
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And he accepted their proposal.
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Thus, Fadak belonged exclusively to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
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Because it had not been taken by force with horses or riding beasts.
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Abu Dawud recorded in his Sunan with a good chain of transmission
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On the authority of Malik ibn Aws ibn Al-Hadathan, who said
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Among the arguments put forward by 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)
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Was that he said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had three exclusive estates:
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Banu Al-Nadir, Khaybar, and Fadak.
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As for Banu Al-Nadir, its revenues were reserved for his emergent state expenses;
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As for Fadak, it was reserved for wayfarers;
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And as for Khaybar,
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) divided it into three portions:
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Two portions for the Muslims,
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And one portion as maintenance for his household.
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Whatever remained surplus from his household’s maintenance, he distributed among the poor Muhajirun."
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Abu Dawud also recorded in his Sunan with a good chain of transmission
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On the authority of Al-Mughirah, who said:
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'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz gathered the Banu Marwan when he was appointed Caliph
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And said:
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"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) possessed Fadak,
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And he used to spend from it,
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Providing aid to the young of Banu Hashim,
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And paying to marry off their widows and unmarried women."
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The Siege of Wadi Al-Qura
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And the Story of Mid'am.
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) departed from Khaybar toward Wadi Al-Qura,
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Where a community of Jews resided.
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When the Muslims halted there, the Jews met them with volleys of arrows,
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While the Muslims were unprepared for battle,
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Until the Muslims eventually conquered it by force.
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There was a servant boy with the Messenger of Allah named Mid'am,
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Who stole a cloaked garment from the spoils of war and was subsequently killed.
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The two Sheikhs [Al-Bukhari and Muslim] recorded in their Sahihs, as did Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak—
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And the wording is that of Al-Hakim—
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On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) from Khaybar to Wadi Al-Qura,
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And with him was a servant boy of his
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Whom Rifa'ah ibn Zayd Al-Judhami had gifted to him.
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While he was unloading the saddle of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)
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At sunset,
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A stray arrow struck him and killed him—
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That is, an arrow from an unknown archer.
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So we said to him, 'Congratulations to him on entering Paradise!'
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But the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'No, by the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad!
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The cloak he took is right now blazing with fire upon him in Hell,
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For having purloined it from the Muslims' spoils on the day of Khaybar.'
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Thereupon, a man from the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) came in terror
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Upon hearing the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say this,
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And said, 'O Messenger of Allah,
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I took two shoelaces for a pair of sandals of mine.'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'Two straps of fire like them would be cut out for you!'"
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The Victorious Return of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to Madinah.
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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned to the Prophet's City of Madinah, victorious over the Jews of Khaybar,
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Allah, Mighty and Majestic, having granted him dominion over it.
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On their return journey, several events occurred, including:
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The Virtue of "There is no might nor power except with Allah."
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The two Sheikhs recorded in their Sahihs—and the wording is Al-Bukhari’s—
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On the authority of Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) went on the expedition to Khaybar"—
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Or he said, "When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) set out"—
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"The people came upon a valley and raised their voices proclaiming the takbir:
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'Allah is the greatest! Allah is the greatest! There is no god worthy of worship except Allah!'
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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
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'Be gentle with yourselves, for you are not calling upon one who is deaf or absent;
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You are calling upon One Who is All-Hearing, Ever-Near, and He is with you.'
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I was riding behind the mount of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),
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And he heard me saying, 'There is no might nor power except with Allah.'
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So he said to me, 'O 'Abdullah ibn Qays!'
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I replied, 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!'
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He said, 'Shall I not direct you to a word that is from the treasures of Paradise?'
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I said, 'Yes indeed, O Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be ransomed for you!'
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He said, 'Say: There is no might nor power except with Allah.'"
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Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar said in Fath al-Bari: "This narrative context
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Gives the impression that this happened while they were marching to Khaybar,
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But that is not the case; rather, it occurred on their return journey,
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Because Abu Musa only arrived after the conquest of Khaybar along with Ja'far (may Allah be pleased with him).
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Accordingly, there is an ellipsis in the text understood as:
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'When the Prophet (peace be upon him) marched to Khaybar,
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Besieged it, conquered it, finished, and then returned,
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The people came upon a valley...' to the end of the hadith."
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The two Sheikhs recorded in their Sahihs—and the wording is Al-Bukhari’s—
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On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
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"I set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) to Khaybar to serve him,
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And when the Prophet (peace be upon him) was on his way back
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And Mount Uhud came into view, he said:
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'This is a mountain that loves us and we love it.'
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Then he gestured with his hand toward Madinah and said:
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'O Allah, I declare sacred what lies between its two lava plains,
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Just as Ibrahim declared Makkah sacred.
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O Allah, bless us in our sa' and our mudd [measures of grain].'"
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Imam Al-Nawawi said:
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"His saying, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him:
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'This is a mountain that loves us and we love it,'
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The correct and chosen view
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Is that it means Uhud truly loves us in reality;
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Allah Almighty created in it a perception by which it loves,
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Just as He, Glorified and Exalted, said:
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“Then, even after that, your hearts were hardened and became as rocks, or worse than rocks, for hardness. For indeed there are rocks from out which rivers gush, and indeed there are rocks which split asunder so that water floweth from them. And indeed there are rocks which fall down for the fear of Allah. Allah is not unaware of what ye do.” (2:74)
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And just as the dry palm trunk wept with yearning,
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And as the pebbles glorified Allah,
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And as the boulder fled carrying the garment of Musa, peace be upon him,
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And as our Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
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'Indeed, I recognize a stone in Makkah
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That used to greet me with peace,'
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And as he summoned the two separate trees
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And they came together,
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And as Mount Hira' trembled
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And he said:
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'Be still, Hira'!
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For none is upon you except a Prophet or a Siddiq,'
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And as the poisoned roasted foreleg of the sheep spoke to him,
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And just as He, Glorified and Exalted, said:
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“The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein praise Him, and there is not a thing but hymneth His praise; but ye understand not their praise. Lo! He is ever Clement, Forgiving.” (17:44)
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“The seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein praise Him, and there is not a thing but hymneth His praise; but ye understand not their praise. Lo! He is ever Clement, Forgiving.” (17:44)
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The correct view regarding the meaning of this verse
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Is that everything glorifies Allah in reality, in accordance with its state,
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Though we do not comprehend it.
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This and similar textual proofs corroborate the view we have chosen,
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Which is the position adopted by the exacting scholars regarding the meaning of the hadith:
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That Mount Uhud loves us in a real, literal sense."
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An Abridgment of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah).
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Though the longing of mortals for one another may last long,
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The longing felt for you knows no fathomable bounds.
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May Allah send blessings upon you whenever the call to prayer is raised,
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And whenever lips move in remembrance of the Ever-Living.