Part of A summary of the Prophet’s biography (the series is complete)
· Lesson 130 of 182
Summary of the Prophet’s biography | Episode (153) | The letter of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, to Chosroes and Caesar
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
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A concise summary of the Prophetic biography.
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Authored by Shaykh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi.
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May Allah preserve him.
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The letter of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to Chosroes.
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And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent out
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'Abdullah ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi, may Allah be pleased with him, with his letter to Khosrow.
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The King of Persia
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Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih
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Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that he said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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He sent his letter to Khosrow.
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Regarding the account of ‘Abdullah ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi.
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May Allah be pleased with him.
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He then commanded him to hand it over.
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He then dispatched him to the ruler of Bahrain.
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So the governor of Bahrain dispatched him to Chosroes.
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When he read it, he tore it to pieces.
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I assumed that Ibn al-Musayyib said
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then invoked Allah against them.
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That they might be utterly torn apart.
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Imam al-Sindi said:
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By tearing them apart, he intended their division and the cessation of their unity.
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He took possession of their kingdom and eradicated their remnants.
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That came to pass, and thereafter no sovereignty remained among them.
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Imam Ibn Jarir al-Tabari narrated it.
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In his history.
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Yazid Ibn Habib reported:
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'Abdullah Ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi was dispatched.
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to Kisra ibn Hurmuz, the King of Persia.
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And he wrote with it: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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To Khosrow, the Emperor of Persia.
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He followed the guidance and believed in Allah and His Messenger.
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And he testified that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah.
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He is one, with no partner.
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And that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger.
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And I call upon you with the supplication of Allah.
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For I am indeed the Messenger of Allah to all of mankind.
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So that he may warn those who are alive.
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“To warn whosoever liveth, and that the word may be fulfilled against the disbelievers.” (36:70)
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Embrace Islam, and you will be secure.
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When he read it, he tore it up and said:
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He writes this to me, and he is My servant.
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And this [era of] Kisra came to an end.
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During the life of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, informed Kisra of that.
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Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated in his Musannaf
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With a mursal chain of transmission whose narrators are reliable.
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On the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn Shaddad, he said:
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Kisra wrote to Badhan.
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I have been informed that a man is saying something.
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I do not know what that is.
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So he sent word to him, instructing him to remain in his house.
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And let him not be concerned with the affairs of the people.
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Otherwise, let him appoint a time for me to meet him.
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He said: "Then Badhan sent [a messenger] to..."
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Two men who had shaved their beards.
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Trimming their mustaches.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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What is it that compels you both to do this?
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He said, "Those who command us to do it..."
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They claim that He is their Lord.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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Yet we deviate from your Sunnah.
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We shall complete this and send it off.
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That is, we trim the mustache and let the beard grow.
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He said, "So he left them both."
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Then he said:
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He said, "When?"
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
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Today, he set out to see Badhan.
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So they both informed him of the news.
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He said: So he wrote to Chosroes.
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He found that the day he was killed was the very day on which Kisra was defeated.
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The book of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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To Caesar.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent
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Dihyah ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi
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May Allah be pleased with him for his letter to Caesar.
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The King of Rome then handed it over to a dignitary.
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He saw it and handed it over to Heraclius.
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Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih
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Narrated by ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him,
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may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:
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The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
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He wrote to Caesar, inviting him to Islam.
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He sent his letter to him with Dihyah.
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Al-Kalbi, may Allah be pleased with him.
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And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded him.
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That he should entrust it to someone of great insight.
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So that he may deliver it to Kisra.
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The two Shaykhs recorded in their respective Sahih collections
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May Allah be pleased with both of them, he said:
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Abu Sufyan narrated to me directly from his mouth to mine.
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He said, "I set out during that period."
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That which was between me and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
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What was the duration of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah?
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He said, "While I was in the Levant..."
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When a letter from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was brought to you.
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to Heraclius
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He then delivered it to the ruler of Busra.
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He then sent it with 'Azim Basra to Heraclius.
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Heraclius then said
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Is there anyone here from this man’s people?
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The one who claims to be a prophet.
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They replied, "Yes."
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So I was invited along with a group from the Quraysh.
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So we entered into the presence of Heraclius.
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He then had us sit before him.
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How can this man, who claims to be a prophet, be anything but a liar?
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Abu Sufyan said
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So I said
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So they seated me before him.
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And have my Companions sit behind me.
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Then he called for his interpreter.
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He said, "Tell them that I am going to ask him this."
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Regarding this man who claims to be a prophet.
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If he calls me a liar, then call him a liar.
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Were it not for the fear that they might attribute falsehood to me, I would have lied.
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Then he said to his interpreter
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Ask him how his lineage is regarded among you.
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He said, "I replied, 'He is among us.'"
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A man of noble lineage said
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Was there, then, any king among his forefathers?
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He said: I replied, "No."
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He asked, "Did you ever accuse him of lying?"
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Before he said what he said.
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He asked, "Will the nobles of the people follow him?"
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Or their weak and vulnerable ones.
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I said, rather, it is their weak ones.
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He said: they increase or decrease.
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I said, "No, rather they are increasing."
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He asked, "Would any of them turn back from their faith?"
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regarding his religion after having entered it, out of displeasure with it.
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I said, "No."
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He asked, "Did you fight him?"
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He asked, "How was your fighting against him?"
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I said, "War will break out between us and him."
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alternating turns
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He receives from us, and we receive from him.
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He asked, "Does he ever betray?"
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I said, "No, and we have been with him throughout this period."
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We do not know what He will do with it.
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He said, "By Allah, it was not possible for me."
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From a statement into which he inserted something other than this.
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He asked, "Did he actually say this?"
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I said, "No one before him."
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Then he said to his interpreter, "Tell him..."
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I asked you about his lineage among you.
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You claimed that he is a man of noble lineage among you.
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Likewise, the messengers are sent among those of noble lineage.
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her people, and she asked you
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Was there any kingship among his forefathers?
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She claimed that there was no [such thing], so I said
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One of his forefathers was a king.
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I said, "He is a man seeking the kingdom of his forefathers."
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And I asked you about his followers, whether they were the weak among them.
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Or their nobles? I replied, "Nay, rather..."
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They are the weak among them, and they are the followers of the messengers.
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And I asked you whether you used to suspect him.
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by lying before he even uttered what he said.
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So you claimed that there is no
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So I realized that he would never have resorted to lying.
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Then he proceeds to fabricate lies against Allah.
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And I asked you whether any of them would renounce their faith.
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from his religion after having entered it.
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His displeasure, and she claimed that there is no
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Likewise, faith, when it permeates the heart...
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The cheerfulness of hearts, and I ask You
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Are they increasing or decreasing?
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She claimed that they were increasing it.
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Likewise, faith must be perfected.
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You claimed that you fought him.
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Thus, the war between you and him will be a seesaw, with victory alternating between you.
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He takes from you, and you take from him.
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Likewise, the messengers are tested.
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Then, the ultimate outcome shall be theirs.
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And I asked you: does he ever betray?
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She claimed that he would never betray a trust.
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Likewise, the messengers do not commit treachery.
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And I asked you whether anyone had expressed this opinion before him.
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So I said, "If only he had said this statement."
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I said, "A man who came before him."
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We follow the statement that was said before it.
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Then he asked, "What does he command you to do?"
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I said, "He commands us to perform prayer and give zakat."
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And maintaining family ties and upholding chastity.
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He said, "If what you say about him is true..."
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Truly, he is a Prophet.
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I already knew that he was going out.
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And if I knew that I could reach him,
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I would have loved to meet him.
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Had I been in his presence, I would have washed his feet.
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And his dominion shall surely reach all that lies beneath my feet.
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He said, "Then he supplicated."
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With the letter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
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He read it, and behold, it contained:
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
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From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah.
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“So go ye unto him and say: Lo! we are two messengers of thy Lord. So let the children of Israel go with us, and torment them not. We bring thee a token from thy Lord. And peace will be for him who followeth right guidance.” (20:47)
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To proceed:
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I invite you with the call of Islam.
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Submit, and you shall be safe.
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Submit, and Allah will grant you your reward twice over.
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But if you turn away, then upon you shall be the sin of your subjects.
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)
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So say: "Bear witness that we are Muslims."
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When he finished reading the letter,
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voices rose around him and the clamor increased.
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He ordered us to be taken out, so we were removed.
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He said: I then said to my companions when
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we had left: "The affair of the son of Abu Kabsha has become a great matter."
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"Indeed, the king of the Byzantines fears him."
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I remained certain of the affair of the Messenger of Allah,
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peace be upon him, that
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he would prevail, until Allah brought
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Islam into my heart. I said:
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Heraclius, the king, preferred his kingdom over Islam,
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and the worldly life over the Hereafter.
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Ibn Hibban narrated in his Sahih,
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with an authentic chain of narration from Anas Ibn Malik,
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that he said to the messenger of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:
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"You see that I am
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fearful for my kingdom."
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Caesar wrote to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:
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"I am a Muslim."
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And he sent him gold coins.
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The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said
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when he read the letter:
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"The enemy of Allah lies; he is not a Muslim."
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And he distributed the gold coins.
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Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath:
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Among the evidence that Heraclius preferred his kingdom
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over faith and persisted in his misguidance
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is that he fought the Muslims in the Battle of Mu'tah,
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in the eighth year after this incident,
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not two years later.
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A summary of the Prophetic biography.
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If the longing of the worlds
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for one another is long,
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then the longing for you
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has no limit.
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May Allah send blessings upon you
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as long as the call to prayer is raised,
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and as long as your name
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remains
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upon the lips.