Part of Tafsir al-Tabari (the series is complete) · Lesson 197 of 308

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (74) | Surah Al-Muddaththir

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0:00 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:05 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.
0:08 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.
0:13 Surah al-Muddaththir.
0:16 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:23 O you who are wrapped in your garments!
0:26 Arise and warn.
0:28 And your Lord magnify.
0:31 And your garments purify.
0:34 And the idols avoid.
0:36 And do not give in order to acquire more.
0:40 And for your Lord, be patient.
0:43 O you who are wrapped in your garments while sleeping.
0:47 Arise from your sleep and warn your people, who have associated partners with Allah and worshipped others, of the punishment of Allah.
0:54 And your Lord, O Muhammad, exalt by worshipping Him.
0:57 And direct your desires in your needs to Him alone, rather than to other deities and rivals.
1:03 And your garments, wash them with water.
1:06 And your body, purify it from sins.
1:09 And the idols, abandon their worship and cease serving them.
1:13 And do not bestow favors upon your Lord, expecting to increase your own good deeds.
1:18 And for the sake of your Lord, be patient with the adversity you encounter in His path.
1:23 So when the Trumpet is blown.
1:28 “Surely that day will be a day of anguish,” (74:9)
1:34 “Not of ease, for disbelievers.” (74:10)
1:39 When the Trumpet is sounded.
1:41 That day will be a difficult day.
1:45 Allah clarifies upon whom it will fall.
1:47 He said: "For the disbelievers, it is not easy."
1:53 “Leave Me (to deal) with him whom I created lonely,” (74:11)
1:56 “And then bestowed upon him ample means,” (74:12)
2:01 And children present.
2:04 And I spread everything out for him.
2:07 “Yet he desireth that I should give more.” (74:15)
2:12 “Nay! For lo! he hath been stubborn to Our revelations.” (74:16)
2:19 I will overwhelm him with a mounting torment.
2:23 Leave to Me, O Muhammad, the matter of the one whom I created alone in his mother's womb.
2:29 Possessing nothing in terms of wealth or children.
2:32 “And then bestowed upon him ample means,” (74:12)
2:34 Or of his number or his reach.
2:37 And I provided him with children who are present.
2:40 And I expanded his life with ease.
2:43 Then he hopes and desires that I increase him in wealth and children.
2:47 Beyond what I have already given him.
2:49 No, it is not as he hopes and desires.
2:54 Indeed, this one whom I created alone.
2:57 Was stubborn against the proofs of Allah.
2:59 Given to His creation through the scriptures and the messengers.
3:02 And I will burden him with a difficult torment, in which there is no rest for him.
3:07 Indeed, he thought and calculated.
3:12 So may he be cursed for how he calculated.
3:15 “Again (self-)destroyed is he, how he planned! -” (74:20)
3:19 Then he looked.
3:22 Then he frowned and scowled.
3:26 Then he turned back and was arrogant.
3:30 “And said: This is naught else than magic from of old;” (74:24)
3:36 “This is naught else than speech of mortal man.” (74:25)
3:40 Indeed, this one whom I created alone.
3:43 Reflected upon what Allah revealed to His servant Muhammad.
3:47 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from the Qur'an.
3:50 And calculated what he should say about it.
3:53 So may he be cursed for how he calculated what he was to say about it.
3:57 Then may he be cursed for how he calculated his statement regarding it.
4:00 Then he frowned and his face became grim.
4:04 Then he turned away from faith and belief.
4:06 In what Allah revealed of His Book.
4:09 And he acted arrogantly against acknowledging the truth.
4:12 And he said: "This which Muhammad recites."
4:16 "Is nothing but magic inherited from others."
4:19 "What is this which Muhammad recites?"
4:21 "It is nothing but the speech of a human being."
4:24 "And it is not the speech of Allah."
4:27 I will cast him into Saqar (Hell).
4:29 “- Ah, what will convey unto thee what that burning is! -” (74:27)
4:32 “It leaveth naught; it spareth naught” (74:28)
4:35 It scorches the skin.
4:38 Over it are nineteen.
4:41 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
4:45 They are angels.
4:48 And We did not make their number.
4:51 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
4:54 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
4:59 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:02 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:06 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:11 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:14 And the believers.
5:16 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:21 Disease, and the disbelievers.
5:24 "What did Allah intend by this as an example?"
5:28 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:33 And He guides whom He wills.
5:37 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:42 “We have appointed only angels to be wardens of the Fire, and their number have We made to be a stumbling-block for those who disbelieve; that those to whom the Scripture hath been given may have certainty, and that believers may increase in faith; and that those to whom the Scripture hath been given and believers may not doubt; and that those in whose hearts there is disease, and disbelievers, may say: What meaneth Allah by this similitude? Thus Allah sendeth astray whom He will, and whom He will He guideth. None knoweth the hosts of thy Lord save Him. This is naught else than a Reminder unto mortals.” (74:31)
5:48 I will cast him into one of the gates of Hell.
5:51 Its name is Saqar.
5:53 And what could make you know, O Muhammad.
5:55 What Saqar is?
5:57 It is a fire that does not leave anyone in it alive.
6:00 Nor does it leave anyone in it dead.
6:03 But it burns them whenever their creation is renewed.
6:07 It alters the skin of its people.
6:10 Over Saqar.
6:12 Are nineteen keepers.
6:14 And We did not make the keepers of the Fire except angels.
6:18 And We did not make the number of these keepers.
6:21 Except as a trial for those who disbelieved in Allah.
6:24 From the polytheists of Quraysh.
6:26 Because of their denial of it.
6:28 And the statement of some of them to their companions.
6:30 "I will suffice you against them."
6:33 So that the People of the Torah and the Gospel may be certain.
6:35 Of the truth of what is in their books.
6:37 Regarding the report of the number of the keepers of Hell.
6:40 Since it matches what Allah revealed.
6:43 In His Book to Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
6:47 And so that those who believe in Allah may increase.
6:50 In belief upon their belief in Allah and His Messenger.
6:54 By confirming the number of the keepers of Hell.
6:57 And the People of the Torah and the Gospel will not doubt.
7:00 The truth of that.
7:02 Nor will the believers in Allah from the Ummah of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
7:07 And so that those in whose hearts is the disease of hypocrisy may say.
7:11 And the disbelievers in Allah from the polytheists of Quraysh.
7:15 "What did Allah intend by this as an example?"
7:17 When He frightens us with these nineteen.
7:21 Just as Allah leads astray these hypocrites and polytheists.
7:26 Who say regarding Allah's report about the number of the keepers of Hell.
7:30 "What did Allah intend by this report as an example?"
7:35 When He frightens us by mentioning their number.
7:38 And He guides the believers through it.
7:40 So they increase in faith upon their faith through their confirmation.
7:45 Thus, Allah leads astray whom He wills of His creation.
7:48 Forsaking them from attaining the truth.
7:51 And He guides whom He wills among them, granting them success in attaining what is correct.
7:56 And none knows the soldiers of your Lord, in their multitude, except Allah.
8:00 And this Fire which I have described is nothing but a reminder to humanity.
8:07 No, by the moon.
8:09 And the night as it departs.
8:11 And the morning as it brightens.
8:14 Indeed, it is one of the greatest things.
8:18 A warning to humanity.
8:20 “Unto him of you who will advance or hang back.” (74:37)
8:30 No.
8:31 The matter is not as claimed by the one who thought he could suffice his polytheist companions against the keepers of Hell.
8:38 Until he drives them away from it.
8:40 Then our Lord, the Exalted, swore by the moon.
8:44 And the night as it turns and departs.
8:46 And the morning as it shines.
8:49 Indeed, Hell is one of the greatest things.
8:51 Meaning, the momentous affairs.
8:54 A warning to the children of Adam.
8:56 For whoever among you, O people, wishes to advance in the obedience of Allah.
9:01 Or to lag behind in His disobedience.
9:04 “Every soul is a pledge for its own deeds;” (74:38)
9:09 Except for the companions of the right.
9:13 In gardens, they will ask one another.
9:20 About the criminals.
9:22 “What hath brought you to this burning?” (74:42)
9:26 Every soul is bound by what it earned of disobedience to Allah in the world.
9:32 Held hostage in Hell.
9:35 Except for the companions of the right.
9:37 For they are not held hostage.
9:39 But they are in gardens, asking one another about the criminals who entered Saqar.
9:46 "What led you into Saqar?"
9:50 They will say: "We were not of those who prayed."
9:54 "And we did not feed the poor."
9:58 “We used to wade (in vain dispute) with (all) waders,” (74:45)
10:05 “And we used to deny the Day of Judgment,” (74:46)
10:10 "Until the certainty came to us."
10:15 The criminals will say to them.
10:17 "We were not in the world among those who prayed to Allah alone."
10:22 "And we did not feed the poor."
10:24 Out of stinginess regarding what Allah bestowed upon us, and withholding it from its rightful recipients.
10:28 "And we used to indulge in falsehood and in what Allah dislikes."
10:32 "With everyone who indulged in it."
10:35 "And we used to deny the Day of Recompense, reward, and punishment."
10:40 So we did not believe in reward, punishment, or reckoning.
10:44 Until death, which is certain, came to us.
10:48 “The mediation of no mediators will avail them then.” (74:48)
10:54 “Why now turn they away from the Admonishment,” (74:49)
11:00 So the intercession of those whom Allah has permitted to intercede for the sinners among the monotheists will not avail them.
11:06 For their intercession will benefit them.
11:08 So why are these polytheists turning away from Allah's reminder to them through this Qur'an?
11:15 They do not listen to it so that they might be admonished and take heed.
11:20 As if they were frightened wild donkeys.
11:26 Fleeing from a lion.
11:29 “Nay, but everyone of them desireth that he should be given open pages (from Allah).” (74:52)
11:37 “Nay, verily. They fear not the Hereafter.” (74:53)
11:44 So why are these polytheists who associate partners with Allah turning away from the reminder?
11:49 Turning away from it like terrified donkeys fleeing from a lion.
11:54 It is not that these polytheists, in their turning away from this Qur'an.
11:59 Do not know that it is from Allah.
12:02 But every man among them wants to be brought a scripture from the sky, revealed to him.
12:08 The matter is not as they claim.
12:11 That if they were given unfolded scrolls, they would believe.
12:15 But they do not fear the punishment of Allah.
12:18 Nor do they believe in the Resurrection, reward, and punishment.
12:23 That is what prompted them to turn away from the reminder of Allah.
12:27 And made it easy for them to abandon listening to His revelation and what He sent down.
12:32 No, indeed, it is a reminder.
12:36 So whoever wills, let him remember it.
12:40 “And they will not heed unless Allah willeth (it). He is the fount of fear. He is the fount of Mercy.” (74:56)
12:48 “And they will not heed unless Allah willeth (it). He is the fount of fear. He is the fount of Mercy.” (74:56)
12:54 No.
12:55 The matter is not as these polytheists say regarding this Qur'an.
13:00 That it is magic inherited and that it is the speech of humans.
13:04 But it is a reminder from Allah to His creation, by which He reminds them.
13:09 So whoever among the servants of Allah, whom Allah has reminded through this Qur'an, wills.
13:14 Let him remember it.
13:15 And take heed of it, and act upon what it contains of Allah's commands and prohibitions.
13:20 And they will not remember this Qur'an, taking heed of it and acting upon what it contains.
13:25 Unless Allah wills that he remember it.
13:28 Because no one is capable of anything.
13:31 Except by Allah willing that he be capable of it and granting him the ability to do so.
13:37 Allah is worthy that His servants fear His punishment for their disobedience to Him.
13:43 So they should avoid His prohibitions and hasten to His obedience.
13:47 And He is worthy to forgive their sins if they do that.
13:51 And not punish them for them, provided they repent from them.
13:57 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.