Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (8-1) | Surat Al-Anfal

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:05 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

0:08 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

0:12 Surah al-Anfal.

0:18 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:23 They ask you about the spoils of war.

0:28 “They ask thee (O Muhammad) of the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the messenger, so keep your duty to Allah, and adjust the matter of your difference, and obey Allah and His messenger, if ye are (true) believers.” (8:1)

0:34 “They ask thee (O Muhammad) of the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the messenger, so keep your duty to Allah, and adjust the matter of your difference, and obey Allah and His messenger, if ye are (true) believers.” (8:1)

0:39 “They ask thee (O Muhammad) of the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the messenger, so keep your duty to Allah, and adjust the matter of your difference, and obey Allah and His messenger, if ye are (true) believers.” (8:1)

0:49 Your Companions ask you, O Muhammad, about the surplus from the spoils of war.

0:54 These are the additional portions that the leader grants to some or all of the army.

0:59 As an incentive for them, for the sake of the welfare of the Muslims.

1:03 To whom do they belong?

1:04 Say to them, O Muhammad:

1:06 They belong to Allah and His Messenger, not to you.

1:09 He distributes them as He wills.

1:11 So fear Allah, O people.

1:14 And be mindful of Him by obeying Him and avoiding His prohibitions.

1:18 And reconcile your differences.

1:20 And submit, O people who are disputing over the spoils, to the command of Allah and the command of His Messenger.

1:26 Regarding what Allah has bestowed upon you.

1:29 For He has clarified for you the ways and means of this.

1:32 If you are true believers in the Messenger of Allah regarding what he has brought to you from your Lord.

1:38 “They only are the (true) believers whose hearts feel fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His revelations are recited unto them they increase their faith, and who trust in their Lord;” (8:2)

1:50 “They only are the (true) believers whose hearts feel fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His revelations are recited unto them they increase their faith, and who trust in their Lord;” (8:2)

1:57 “They only are the (true) believers whose hearts feel fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His revelations are recited unto them they increase their faith, and who trust in their Lord;” (8:2)

2:06 The believer is not one who opposes Allah and His Messenger.

2:10 Rather, the believer is the one who, when Allah is mentioned, his heart trembles with awe.

2:15 And when the verses of His Book are recited to him, he believes in them.

2:19 And he is certain that they are from Allah.

2:22 So his belief increases with his affirmation.

2:25 And they are certain that Allah’s decree for them is inevitable.

2:30 So they hope in no one else and fear no one but Him.

2:45 Those who perform the prescribed prayer with its proper requirements.

2:49 And spend from the wealth Allah has provided them.

2:53 In the ways Allah has commanded them to spend.

3:15 Those who perform these deeds are the true believers.

3:20 Not those who say with their tongues, "We believe,"

3:24 While their hearts are inwardly concealing the opposite out of hypocrisy.

3:29 They shall have high ranks and forgiveness for their sins.

3:33 And a generous provision, which is Paradise.

3:36 And all that Allah has prepared therein of abundant food and drink.

3:40 And a pleasant life.

3:43 “Even as thy Lord caused thee (Muhammad) to go forth from thy home with the Truth, and lo! a party of the believers were averse (to it).” (8:5)

3:48 “Even as thy Lord caused thee (Muhammad) to go forth from thy home with the Truth, and lo! a party of the believers were averse (to it).” (8:5)

3:56 They argue with you about the truth after it has become clear.

4:00 “Disputing with thee of the Truth after it had been made manifest, as if they were being driven to death visible.” (8:6)

4:10 While they are looking on.

4:15 Just as your Lord brought you out from Medina to Badr with the truth,

4:20 Much to the dislike of a party of the believers.

4:23 Because they did not think that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would encounter a battle.

4:29 Likewise, some of them argue with you, saying:

4:33 "You did not inform us that we would encounter the enemy so that we could prepare."

4:37 And they were averse to fighting.

4:40 They argue with you after it has become clear to them that you do not act except by what Allah has commanded you.

4:47 It is as if these people who argue with you—

4:50 “Disputing with thee of the Truth after it had been made manifest, as if they were being driven to death visible.” (8:6)

4:53 This is due to their aversion to encountering the Quraysh.

4:58 “And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers;” (8:7)

5:05 “And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers;” (8:7)

5:13 “And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers;” (8:7)

5:18 “And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers;” (8:7)

5:24 And to cut off the roots of the disbelievers.

5:30 And remember, O people, when Allah promised you that one of the two groups would be yours:

5:36 Either the group of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and the caravan,

5:40 Or the group of the polytheists who marched out from Mecca to protect their caravan.

5:46 And you wished that the group that had no fighting would be yours,

5:51 Which was the caravan.

5:53 But Allah intended to establish Islam and elevate it,

5:57 By commanding you, O believers, to fight the disbelievers.

6:01 While you wanted the spoils and the wealth.

6:05 And Allah intended to destroy the root of those who deny the oneness of Allah.

6:11 “That He might cause the Truth to triumph and bring vanity to naught, however much the guilty might oppose;” (8:8)

6:19 And Allah intended to cut off the roots of the disbelievers so that He might establish the truth,

6:25 So that Allah alone would be worshipped,

6:28 And the worship of idols and false gods would be abolished.

6:31 Even if those who committed crimes—the disbelievers who earned sins and burdens—disliked it.

6:39 “When ye sought help of your Lord and He answered you (saying): I will help you with a thousand of the angels, rank on rank.” (8:9)

7:00 And He abolishes falsehood when you seek refuge in Allah from your enemy,

7:06 And call upon Him for victory over them.

7:08 So He answered your prayer, saying: "I will reinforce you with a thousand angels,"

7:14 Following one another in succession.

7:19 Allah did not make it except as good news, and so that your hearts might be at rest.

7:27 And there is no victory except from Allah; indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might, All-Wise.

7:40 Allah did not make the succession of angels, O believers, as a reinforcement for you,

7:47 Except as good news to you, announcing Allah’s victory.

7:51 And so that your hearts might be tranquil upon their arrival.

7:55 And you are not victorious over your enemy, O believers, except by Allah granting you victory.

8:01 Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might—nothing can overcome Him—and All-Wise in His management and His granting of victory to whom He wills.

8:10 “When He made the slumber fall upon you as a reassurance from him and sent down water from the sky upon you, that thereby He might purify you, and remove from you the fear of Satan, and make strong your hearts and firm (your) feet thereby.” (8:11)

8:26 “When He made the slumber fall upon you as a reassurance from him and sent down water from the sky upon you, that thereby He might purify you, and remove from you the fear of Satan, and make strong your hearts and firm (your) feet thereby.” (8:11)

8:36 “When He made the slumber fall upon you as a reassurance from him and sent down water from the sky upon you, that thereby He might purify you, and remove from you the fear of Satan, and make strong your hearts and firm (your) feet thereby.” (8:11)

8:53 Your hearts are at rest, as He casts upon you drowsiness as a security from Allah for you.

9:00 And He sends down upon you rain from the sky on the day of Badr,

9:04 To purify the believers for their prayer,

9:07 Because they had woken up that day in a state of ritual impurity (janabah) without water.

9:13 And Satan had whispered to them, causing them grief,

9:17 Because they were in a state of ritual impurity without water.

9:21 So Allah removed that from their hearts with the rain.

9:25 That was His strengthening of their hearts,

9:28 And His fortifying of their resolve, and His firming of their feet with that rain.

9:34 Because they had met their enemy on sandy, loose ground.

9:38 So the rain packed it down until their feet became firm upon it, not sinking in.

9:46 “When thy Lord inspired the angels, (saying): I am with you. So make those who believe stand firm. I will throw fear into the hearts of those who disbelieve. Then smite the necks and smite of them each finger.” (8:12)

9:58 “When thy Lord inspired the angels, (saying): I am with you. So make those who believe stand firm. I will throw fear into the hearts of those who disbelieve. Then smite the necks and smite of them each finger.” (8:12)

10:02 “When thy Lord inspired the angels, (saying): I am with you. So make those who believe stand firm. I will throw fear into the hearts of those who disbelieve. Then smite the necks and smite of them each finger.” (8:12)

10:11 When your Lord revealed to the angels, "I am with you, so support those who believe."

10:16 So strengthen the resolve of those who believe and purify their intentions.

10:21 It is said that their "strengthening" was their presence in the battle alongside them.

10:27 And it is said it was their assistance in fighting their enemies.

10:31 And it is said that an angel would say to a man among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him:

10:38 "I heard these people saying,

10:42 'By Allah, if they charge at us, we will surely be defeated.'"

10:46 So the spirits of the Muslims were strengthened by that.

10:49 I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieved, O believers, because of you.

10:54 Until they flee from you.

10:56 So strike above the necks,

10:58 And it is said, upon the skin of the necks.

11:02 And strike, O believers, every extremity and joint of their hands and feet.

11:10 That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger.

11:19 “That is because they opposed Allah and His messenger. Whoso opposeth Allah and His messenger, (for him) lo! Allah is severe in punishment.” (8:13)

11:24 Indeed, Allah is severe in punishment.

11:29 “That (is the award), so taste it, and (know) that for disbelievers is the torment of the Fire.” (8:14)

11:40 This action,

11:41 Of striking these disbelievers above the necks and at every joint,

11:46 Is a recompense for their opposition to Allah and His Messenger,

11:50 And their departure from His command.

11:53 And whoever opposes the command of Allah and the command of His Messenger,

11:56 Then Allah is severe in punishment for him in this world,

12:00 By inflicting upon him what He inflicts upon His enemies of retribution,

12:05 And in the Hereafter, eternal residence in the Fire of Hell.

12:08 This punishment, which I have hastened for you, O disbelievers,

12:13 Taste it now,

12:15 And know that for you in the Hereafter and the final return is the punishment of the Fire.

12:20 O you who have believed,

12:23 When you meet those who disbelieve in battle,

12:32 Do not turn your backs to them.

12:36 And whoever turns his back to them on that day,

12:40 Unless it is to maneuver for battle,

12:47 “Whoso on that day turneth his back to them, unless manoeuvring for battle or intent to join a company, he truly hath incurred wrath from Allah, and his habitation will be hell, a hapless journey's end.” (8:16)

12:51 “Whoso on that day turneth his back to them, unless manoeuvring for battle or intent to join a company, he truly hath incurred wrath from Allah, and his habitation will be hell, a hapless journey's end.” (8:16)

13:00 His refuge is Hell,

13:04 And wretched is the destination.

13:09 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger,

13:12 When you meet those who disbelieve in battle,

13:15 Advancing toward one another—

13:18 And "advancing" means drawing near and approaching—

13:22 Do not turn your backs to them,

13:24 So that you flee from them.

13:26 But stand firm against them,

13:28 For Allah is with you against them.

13:31 And whoever turns his back to them among you,

13:33 Unless it is to maneuver to fight his enemy,

13:37 Seeking a vulnerability in him,

13:38 That he might be able to strike,

13:40 Then he turns back to attack him,

13:42 Or unless he turns his back,

13:44 Moving toward the ranks of the believers,

13:47 Who will return with him to the battle,

13:51 Then he has returned with wrath from Allah,

13:53 And his destination, which he will arrive at,

13:55 In his return on the Day of Resurrection, is Hell,

13:59 And wretched is the place to which he will arrive.

14:04 You did not kill them,

14:05 But it was Allah who killed them.

14:09 “Ye (Muslims) slew them not, but Allah slew them. And thou (Muhammad) threwest not when thou didst throw, but Allah threw, that He might test the believers by a fair test from Him. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (8:17)

14:12 And it was not you who threw, but it was Allah who threw,

14:16 And that He might test the believers,

14:18 With a good test.

14:22 Indeed, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

14:28 You did not kill the polytheists,

14:30 O you believers,

14:32 But it was Allah who killed them,

14:35 Because He is the One who caused their killing,

14:38 And by His command was their fighting.

14:41 And He attributed the throwing to the Prophet of Allah,

14:43 Then negated it from him,

14:45 And informed about Himself,

14:46 That He is the Thrower,

14:49 Since His power,

14:51 Was the one that delivered what was thrown,

14:53 To those who were struck by it,

14:54 From among the polytheists.

14:56 And He caused the throw for His Messenger,

14:59 So that He might bestow favor upon the believers,

15:01 In Allah and His Messenger,

15:03 By granting them victory over their enemies,

15:05 And granting them the spoils that were with them,

15:07 And recording for them the rewards of their deeds and their jihad.

15:11 Indeed, Allah is All-Hearing,

15:13 O believers,

15:14 To the supplication of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

15:17 And his pleading with his Lord,

15:20 And his request for the destruction of his enemy and your enemy,

15:24 And He is All-Hearing of the speech of all His creation,

15:26 All-Knowing of all of that.

15:30 That is so, and indeed Allah,

15:33 Is the One who weakens the plot of the disbelievers.

15:38 That is Our action which We performed,

15:41 And know that Allah, along with that,

15:44 Is the One who weakens the deception of the disbelievers,

15:46 Until they are humbled and submit to the truth,

15:49 Or they are destroyed.

15:52 If you seek the judgment,

15:54 Then the judgment has come to you.

15:59 And if you desist,

16:02 It is better for you.

16:04 But if you return to hostility, We will return to punishment.

16:07 “(O Qureysh!) If ye sought a judgment, now hath the judgment come unto you. And if ye cease (from persecuting the believers) it will be better for you, but if ye return (to the attack) We also shall return. And your host will avail you naught, however numerous it be, and (know) that Allah is with the believers (in His Guidance).” (8:19)

16:19 Even if they are many.

16:23 “(O Qureysh!) If ye sought a judgment, now hath the judgment come unto you. And if ye cease (from persecuting the believers) it will be better for you, but if ye return (to the attack) We also shall return. And your host will avail you naught, however numerous it be, and (know) that Allah is with the believers (in His Guidance).” (8:19)

16:30 If you seek the judgment of Allah,

16:32 Regarding the party that most severs ties of kinship,

16:34 And the most unjust of the two groups,

16:36 Then the judgment of Allah has come to you,

16:39 And His victory for the oppressed over the oppressor.

16:42 And if you desist, O people of Quraysh,

16:44 From disbelief in Allah and His Messenger,

16:47 It is better for you in your worldly life and your Hereafter.

16:51 But if you return to warring against him and fighting him,

16:54 We will return with the likes of the event that befell you on the day of Badr.

16:59 And your soldiers and your group will not avail you anything,

17:02 Despite the abundance of their numbers and the fewness of the believers.

17:07 And know that Allah is with those who believe in Him among His servants,

17:10 By granting them victory over them.

17:13 O you who have believed,

17:16 Obey Allah and His Messenger.

17:18 “O ye who believe! Obey Allah and His messenger, and turn not away from him when ye hear (him speak).” (8:20)

17:28 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger,

17:31 obey Allah and His Messenger in all that He has commanded you and all that He has forbidden you.

17:37 Do not turn away from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

17:41 while opposing his commands and prohibitions,

17:43 even as you hear his instructions and warnings,

17:47 and while you claim to believe in him.

17:50 “Be not as those who say, we hear, and they hear not.” (8:21)

17:59 Do not be, O believers, like the polytheists,

18:03 who, when the Book of Allah is recited to them, say:

18:08 "We have heard it with our own ears,"

18:11 yet they take no heed and derive no benefit from it,

18:14 as if they were in the position of those who had never heard it at all.

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (8-1) | Surat Al-Anfal | Verses from (1) to (21)

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