Part of Tafsir al-Tabari (the series is complete)
· Lesson 306 of 308
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (2-18) | Surah Al-Baqarah | Verses from (263) to (271)
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Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
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The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.
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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil Ibn Salim al-Shammari.
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Surah al-Baqarah.
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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
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“A kind word with forgiveness is better than almsgiving followed by injury. Allah is Absolute, Clement.” (2:263)
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And Allah is Self-Sufficient and Forbearing.
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A kind word and a man's supplication for his fellow Muslim,
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along with concealing his destitution and poor condition once known,
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is far better in the sight of Allah than a charity given only to be followed by injury.
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For Allah is entirely free of any need for the charity they give,
0:55
and He is Forbearing, not hastening the punishment of those among you who boast of their charity,
1:01
causing distress to the recipient.
1:04
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
1:13
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
1:19
like the one who spends his wealth only to be seen by people.
1:32
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
1:36
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
1:44
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
1:49
“O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264)
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And Allah does not guide the disbelieving people.
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O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger,
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do not invalidate the rewards of your charity through reminders of generosity and hurtful conduct,
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just as the disbelief of the one who spends his wealth to show off before others invalidates his deed,
2:15
since he does not believe in the oneness of Allah or His Lordship.
2:19
His likeness is that of a smooth rock covered with topsoil:
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when a heavy downpour strikes it,
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the torrential rain leaves the smooth boulder completely bare, devoid of any plant or soil.
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Such are the deeds of the hypocrites;
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they are just like that smooth rock which once had dust upon it:
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when the heavy rain beat down on it,
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it washed away whatever dust was resting there,
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leaving it clean, with no trace of earth or anything else left behind.
2:48
Muslims outwardly perceive that they have good deeds, just as the dust is seen upon this stone,
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but on the Day of Resurrection they will have no power to claim any reward for what they earned in the worldly life.
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And Allah will not guide them to attain what is right in their expenditures or anything else;
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rather, He leaves them wandering blindly in their transgression.
3:11
“And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265)
3:22
“And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265)
3:31
“And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265)
3:42
“And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265)
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And Allah is Seeing of whatever you do.
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And the likeness of those who spend their wealth, giving it in charity,
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providing mounts for fighters in the cause of Allah,
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and strengthening the needy warriors and mujahideen fighting for the cause of Allah,
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as well as in other acts of obedience to Allah,
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to strengthen their own souls in maintaining this spending,
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through sincere resolve and firm certainty in the promise of Allah Almighty—
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so He firmly grounded them and made their determination steadfast—
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is like that of a garden situated upon high ground,
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elevated above the floodwaters and valley beds.
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Thus, it is located on fertile, elevated soil;
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and gardens situated on such sturdy ground
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are far better and more abundant in their fruit, planting, and crops than those in thinner soils.
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When this garden was struck by heavy rain of great downpour,
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it yielded its harvest twofold.
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And even if no heavy rain reaches it, light drizzle and dew will suffice it.
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And Allah is Seeing of what you, O people, do regarding the expenses you lay out;
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nothing of it remains hidden from Him.
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What is intended by this parable
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is that just as the fruit of this garden was doubled
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when the heavy rain poured generously upon it,
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and if it missed the heavy downpour, the light drizzle still sufficed it,
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in the same way Allah doubles the charity of the giver
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who spends his wealth seeking His pleasure and strengthening his own soul,
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without reminders of generosity or hurtful conduct,
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whether his spending be little or plentiful.
5:27
“Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266)
5:36
“Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266)
5:47
“Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266)
5:56
“Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266)
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Thus Allah makes clear to you the signs so that you may reflect.
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Would any of you wish to have a garden of date palms and grapevines,
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beneath which rivers flow, having in it all kinds of fruits, and then old age strikes one of you,
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while he has young, tender children, and then a whirlwind carrying fire strikes the garden,
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burning his garden at the very time of his dire need for it and his extreme dependency on its harvest,
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owing to his advanced age and his inability to replant it,
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and the youth of his children, who are incapable of cultivating and maintaining it, so that he is left with nothing?
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Such is the one who spends his wealth to show off before people: Allah extinguishes his light and nullifies his reward,
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until he meets Him and returns to Him in the direst need of his deeds,
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at a time when there is no chance to make amends, no canceling of sins, and no repentance accepted.
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Just as your Lord has made clear to you the ruling of spending in His cause,
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so He makes clear to you the other signs,
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acquainting you with their rulings, what is lawful, and what is unlawful,
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so that you may reflect with your minds,
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ponder deeply, and draw lessons from the proofs of Allah contained within them.
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as well as what We have brought forth for you from the earth.
7:54
“O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267)
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“O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267)
8:11
And know that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy.
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O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger,
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pay the zakat and give charity from the good and lawful wealth you have earned,
8:27
“O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267)
8:30
and from the date palms, grapevines, wheat, barley, and the produce of the earth.
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And do not deliberately seek out the defective and inferior of your wealth to give in charity from it,
8:40
when you yourselves would never accept such inferior items in settling your own rights,
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unless you closed your eyes to it, overlooking some of what was rightfully due to you,
8:49
thus conceding your right for your own sake.
8:52
This applies specifically to obligatory zakat;
8:54
as for when a man gives voluntary charity,
8:57
although I would dislike for him to give anything other than his finest and best wealth in it,
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I do not consider it forbidden for him to give what is of lesser quality,
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because that which is lesser in quality may sometimes bring broader benefit through its abundance or significance,
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and may prove more suitable to the needs of the destitute.
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And know that Allah is completely free of any need for your charities and for everything else,
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and is Praised by His creation for the blessings He has bestowed upon them and the bounty He has expanded for them.
9:28
“The devil promiseth you destitution and enjoineth on you lewdness. But Allah promiseth you forgiveness from Himself with bounty. Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing.” (2:268)
9:36
“The devil promiseth you destitution and enjoineth on you lewdness. But Allah promiseth you forgiveness from Himself with bounty. Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing.” (2:268)
9:43
And Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing.
9:48
Satan threatens you, O people, with poverty if you give charity and pay zakat,
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and he commands you to commit acts of disobedience against Allah.
9:57
But Allah promises you that He will conceal your indecencies,
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forgiving your sins through the charity you give,
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and He promises that He will replenish what you have spent in charity,
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bestowing His bounty upon you from His gifts
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and granting you an abundance of your provisions.
10:16
For Allah is Vast in the bounty He promises to grant you,
10:21
and All-Knowing of your spending and the charities you donate.
10:28
He grants wisdom to whom He wills.
10:33
“He giveth wisdom unto whom He will, and he unto whom wisdom is given, he truly hath received abundant good. But none remember except men of understanding.” (2:269)
10:40
And none will remember except those of understanding.
10:46
Allah grants sound correctness in word and deed to whom He wills among His servants,
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and whoever is granted that has indeed been granted abundant good.
10:55
Yet none take heed except those of sound minds,
10:58
who have comprehended from Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, His commands and prohibitions.
11:03
“Whatever alms ye spend or vow ye vow, lo! Allah knoweth it. Wrong-doers have no helpers.” (2:270)
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then indeed, Allah knows it.
11:15
And for the wrongdoers there are no helpers.
11:21
Whatever charity you give or whatever vow you make,
11:26
all of it is fully within the knowledge of Allah;
11:28
nothing of it is hidden from Him.
11:31
And whoever spends their wealth to show off before people,
11:35
and whose vows are made for the sake of Satan,
11:37
will have no helper to save them from Allah on the Day of Resurrection,
11:41
or ward off His punishment from them.
11:44
If you disclose your acts of charity, even so it is good.
11:50
“If ye publish your almsgiving, it is well, but if ye hide it and give it to the poor, it will be better for you, and will atone for some of your ill-deeds. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (2:271)
11:57
“If ye publish your almsgiving, it is well, but if ye hide it and give it to the poor, it will be better for you, and will atone for some of your ill-deeds. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (2:271)
12:04
And Allah is Fully Aware of whatever you do.
12:09
If you make your charity public,
12:11
openly giving it to the one on whom you bestow it,
12:14
that is indeed a commendable thing;
12:16
and if you conceal it, not making it known,
12:19
and give it to the poor in secret,
12:22
then concealing it is far better for you than making it public—
12:26
and this pertains specifically to voluntary charity.
12:29
Furthermore, Allah will expiate some of your misdeeds through your charity.
12:34
And Allah is Fully Aware of whatever you do regarding your charity,
12:37
whether you disclose it or keep it secret,
12:40
and He possesses thorough expertise and full knowledge of all your other deeds;
12:45
nothing whatsoever of that is hidden from Him.