Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (60-1) | Surah Al-Mumtahana

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:05 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

0:08 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

0:12 Surah al-Mumtahanah.

0:18 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:22 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

0:29 You offer them affection.

0:33 You offer them affection.

0:37 While they have disbelieved in the truth that has come to you.

0:42 They drive out the Messenger.

0:46 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

0:51 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

0:56 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

1:00 You offer [it] in My path and seeking My pleasure.

1:06 You confide affection to them.

1:10 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

1:15 And whoever among you does that,

1:19 He has certainly strayed from the right path.

1:25 O you who have believed, do not take My enemies and your enemies as allies.

1:31 Meaning: as supporters.

1:33 You offer them your affection for them.

1:36 These polytheists, whom I have forbidden you to take as allies, have disbelieved in the truth that has come to you from Allah.

1:45 That is their disbelief in Allah and His Messenger.

1:48 And in His Book which He revealed to His Messenger.

1:51 They drive out the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

1:54 And they drive you out as well from your homes and your land.

1:58 Because you believe in Allah.

2:00 This is a case of postponement where the meaning is actually one of precedence.

2:04 The structure of the statement is:

2:06 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

2:11 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

2:17 If you have gone forth from your homes,

2:19 And migrated from them to your places of refuge for the sake of striving in the path I have ordained for you,

2:25 And for the religion I have commanded you with, and seeking My pleasure.

2:29 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1)

2:34 You secretly offer, O believers, affection to those who associate partners with Allah.

2:39 And I am more knowing than you of what some of you conceal from others.

2:43 So he keeps it secret from him.

2:45 And I also know what some of you make public to others.

2:49 And whoever among you, O believers, secretly offers affection to the polytheists,

2:54 He has indeed deviated from the intended path which Allah has made a way and a clear road to Paradise.

3:01 “If they have the upper hand of you, they will be your foes, and will stretch out their hands and their tongues toward you with evil (intent), and they long for you to disbelieve.” (60:2)

3:15 “If they have the upper hand of you, they will be your foes, and will stretch out their hands and their tongues toward you with evil (intent), and they long for you to disbelieve.” (60:2)

3:22 “Your ties of kindred and your children will avail you naught upon the Day of Resurrection. He will part you. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (60:3)

3:28 “Your ties of kindred and your children will avail you naught upon the Day of Resurrection. He will part you. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (60:3)

3:38 If these people, to whom you secretly offer affection, O believers, gain mastery over you,

3:45 They will be your enemies and adversaries.

3:48 They will extend their hands against you with fighting and their tongues with evil.

3:53 And they will wish that you would disbelieve in your Lord,

3:57 So that you would be like them.

4:00 Your relatives, kin, and children will not benefit you against disbelief in Allah,

4:05 Nor will taking His enemies as allies to whom you offer affection.

4:10 For your relatives and children will not avail you anything before Allah on the Day of Resurrection,

4:16 Nor will they ward off the punishment of Allah from you on that day,

4:19 If you disobeyed Him in this world and disbelieved in Him.

4:24 Your Lord will judge between you, O believers, on the Day of Resurrection,

4:28 By admitting those who obeyed Him to Paradise, and those who disobeyed Him and disbelieved in Him to the Fire.

4:34 And Allah, O people, is All-Seeing and All-Knowing of your deeds.

4:38 Nothing of them is hidden from Him, and He encompasses them all.

4:43 He will recompense you for them; if good, then good,

4:47 And if evil, then evil.

4:49 So fear Allah regarding yourselves and beware of Him.

4:54 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:01 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:09 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:20 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:31 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:36 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:39 I will surely ask forgiveness for you.

5:45 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:50 “There is a goodly pattern for you in Abraham and those with him, when they told their folk: Lo! we are guiltless of you and all that ye worship beside Allah. We have done with you. And there hath arisen between us and you hostility and hate for ever until ye believe in Allah only - save that which Abraham promised his father (when he said): I will ask forgiveness for thee, though I own nothing for thee from Allah - Our Lord! In Thee we put our trust, and unto Thee we turn repentant, and unto Thee is the journeying.” (60:4)

5:59 There has certainly been for you, O believers, an excellent example.

6:04 He says: an excellent model in Ibrahim, the Friend of the Most Merciful.

6:09 You follow him and those with him among the prophets of Allah,

6:13 When they said to their people who disbelieved in Allah and worshipped the Taghut:

6:18 "O people, we are disassociated from you."

6:22 “Ye serve instead of Allah only idols, and ye only invent a lie. Lo! those whom ye serve instead of Allah own no provision for you. So seek your provision from Allah, and serve Him, and give thanks unto Him, (for) unto Him ye will be brought back.” (29:17)

6:27 We have disbelieved in you.

6:29 We have rejected what you were upon of disbelief in Allah.

6:32 And we have denied that your worship of what you worship besides Allah is the truth.

6:38 And enmity and hatred have appeared between us and you forever,

6:42 Because of your disbelief in Allah and your worship of others besides Him.

6:46 And there is no peace between us and no affection until you believe in Allah alone,

6:51 And you unify Him and single Him out for worship.

6:55 Except for the saying of Ibrahim to his father: "I will surely ask forgiveness for you."

6:59 And I cannot ward off from you any punishment from Allah,

7:02 If Allah punishes you for your disbelief in Him.

7:05 And I cannot avail you against Him at all.

7:09 For there is no example for you in that.

7:12 Because that was from Ibrahim to his father due to a promise he had made to him,

7:18 Before it became clear to him that he was an enemy of Allah.

7:22 “The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering.” (9:114)

7:27 Our Lord, upon You we have relied.

7:29 And to You we have returned in repentance from what You dislike to what You love and are pleased with.

7:35 And to You is our destination and our return on the day You resurrect us from our graves,

7:40 And gather us on the Day of Resurrection to the place of the presentation of deeds.

8:00 “Our Lord! Make us not a prey for those who disbelieve, and forgive us, our Lord! Lo! Thou, only Thou, are the Mighty, the Wise.” (60:5)

8:05 So they denied Your oneness and worshipped other than You.

8:08 By giving them power over us, so they might think they are upon the truth and we are upon falsehood,

8:14 And thus You would make us a trial for them.

8:17 And cover our sins for us with Your pardon, O our Lord.

8:22 Indeed, You are the Severe in retribution against those whom You punish.

8:26 The Wise in the management of Your creation,

8:29 And in directing them toward what is in their best interest.

8:33 “Verily ye have in them a goodly pattern for everyone who looketh to Allah and the Last Day. And whosoever may turn away, lo! still Allah, He is the Absolute, the Owner of Praise.” (60:6)

8:43 And whoever turns away, then indeed Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy.

8:51 There has certainly been for you, O believers, an excellent example in Ibrahim and those with him among the prophets,

9:00 For whoever among you hopes for the reward of Allah and salvation on the Last Day.

9:05 And whoever turns away from what Allah has commanded him and takes the enemies of Allah as allies,

9:10 And offers them affection,

9:13 Then indeed, Allah is free of need of his belief in Him.

9:16 The Praiseworthy in the sight of those who know His favors and blessings.

9:21 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (60-1) | Surah Al-Mumtahana | Verses from (1) to (6)

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