Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (4-1) | Surah An-Nisa

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

0:03 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari,

0:07 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqeel Ibn Salim al-Shammari.

0:12 Surah an-Nisa'.

0:16 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

0:22 “O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you.” (4:1)

0:29 “O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you.” (4:1)

0:42 “O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you.” (4:1)

0:49 “O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you.” (4:1)

0:56 “O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you.” (4:1)

1:02 O people, beware of your Lord, lest you disobey Him in what He has commanded you and what He has forbidden you—

1:10 He who created you from a single soul, which is Adam,

1:14 And created from Adam [his wife] Eve,

1:17 And dispersed from both of them many men and women.

1:21 And fear Allah, O people, in whose name you question and appeal to one another,

1:27 Whereby the asker says to the person asked, "I ask you by Allah!"

1:31 So just as you venerate your Lord with your tongues, venerate Him through your obedience,

1:37 And beware of severing the ties of kinship.

1:40 Indeed, Allah is ever watchful over people, keeping meticulous account of your deeds.

1:47 And give the orphans their properties, and do not exchange the bad for the good.

1:56 “Give unto orphans their wealth. Exchange not the good for the bad (in your management thereof) nor absorb their wealth into your own wealth. Lo! that would be a great sin.” (4:2)

2:08 And give, O guardians of orphans, their properties to them once they reach puberty

2:14 And sound judgment is perceived in them.

2:16 And do not substitute what is unlawful for you of their wealth for your own lawful wealth,

2:22 Whereby you take their prime, high-quality assets and give inferior ones in their place.

2:28 Nor should you mix the orphans' wealth with your own, consuming it alongside yours;

2:34 Indeed, consuming the wealth of your orphans is a grave sin in the sight of Allah.

2:39 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3)

2:55 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3)

3:07 And if you fear that you will not act equitably concerning the wealth of orphans and deal fairly with them,

3:14 Then likewise fear lest you fail to act equitably regarding the rights of women that Allah has obligated upon you;

3:21 So do not marry of them except as many as you feel secure from wronging: two, three, or four.

3:28 And if you also fear that in this regard, then marry only one,

3:32 And if you still fear regarding one, then resort to those whom your right hands possess.

3:36 That is closer and more suitable so that you do not incline toward injustice, for they are your rightful possessions,

3:43 And there are not binding upon you regarding them the same rights as are binding toward free women.

3:48 And give women their dowries as a willing gift.

3:55 “And give unto the women (whom ye marry) free gift of their marriage portions; but if they of their own accord remit unto you a part thereof, then ye are welcome to absorb it (in your wealth).” (4:4)

4:10 And give women their dowries as an obligatory grant,

4:15 But if they, O men, willingly remit to you anything of their dowries of their own accord, then consume it with good cheer and ease.

4:26 “Give not unto the foolish (what is in) your (keeping of their) wealth, which Allah hath given you to maintain; but feed and clothe them from it, and speak kindly unto them.” (4:5)

4:44 And do not give the incompetent your wealth, whether they be young children or grown men, male or female.

4:54 The incompetent person to whom his guardian is not permitted to give his wealth is the one deserving of interdiction,

5:01 Due to squandering his wealth, his corruption, ruinous behavior, and poor management.

5:06 Do not give them your wealth—some of which belongs to you and some to them—which Allah has made a means of sustenance and support for your livelihoods;

5:15 But spend on your incompetent dependents, whose maintenance is obligatory upon you, by providing their food and clothing from your wealth,

5:24 And speak to the incompetent in terms of appropriate kindness,

5:27 Saying, for example, "When you show uprightness and maturity of judgment, we will hand over your wealth to you;

5:34 So fear Allah concerning yourselves and your wealth,"

5:37 And similar goodly words.

6:04 “Prove orphans till they reach the marriageable age; then, if ye find them of sound judgment, deliver over unto them their fortune; and devour it not by squandering and in haste lest they should grow up Whoso (of the guardians) is rich, let him abstain generously (from taking of the property of orphans); and whoso is poor let him take thereof in reason (for his guardianship). And when ye deliver up their fortune unto orphans, have (the transaction) witnessed in their presence. Allah sufficeth as a Reckoner.” (4:6)

6:09 And whoever among you is poor, let him consume in an acceptable, reasonable manner.

6:16 “Prove orphans till they reach the marriageable age; then, if ye find them of sound judgment, deliver over unto them their fortune; and devour it not by squandering and in haste lest they should grow up Whoso (of the guardians) is rich, let him abstain generously (from taking of the property of orphans); and whoso is poor let him take thereof in reason (for his guardianship). And when ye deliver up their fortune unto orphans, have (the transaction) witnessed in their presence. Allah sufficeth as a Reckoner.” (4:6)

6:27 And test the mental maturity of your orphans regarding their comprehension and ability to manage their wealth once they reach puberty;

6:35 If you perceive sound judgment and financial competence in them, then deliver their wealth to them, and do not withhold it from them,

6:43 Nor consume it extravagantly beyond what Allah has made lawful for you,

6:48 Nor consume it hastily before they reach adulthood and demonstrate sound judgment,

6:53 Out of fear that they will grow up and you will be obliged to hand it over to them.

6:58 And whoever among the guardians of the orphans' wealth is rich, let him abstain completely from consuming it,

7:05 But whoever among them is poor, let him consume from the orphan's wealth in a reasonable manner,

7:10 In cases of dire necessity and genuine need, strictly as a loan.

7:15 Then when you, O guardians of the orphans' wealth, hand over to the orphans their property,

7:21 Call witnesses over them to attest that they have received it in full from you;

7:26 And Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner, far greater than any witnesses summoned

7:31 By the orphan's guardian to witness handing over his orphan's wealth to him.

7:36 “Unto the men (of a family) belongeth a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, and unto the women a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, whether it be little or much - a legal share.” (4:7)

7:43 “Unto the men (of a family) belongeth a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, and unto the women a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, whether it be little or much - a legal share.” (4:7)

7:54 “Unto the men (of a family) belongeth a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, and unto the women a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, whether it be little or much - a legal share.” (4:7)

8:02 For men, from the children of the deceased, there is a share of his inheritance,

8:08 And for women among them there is a share of it,

8:11 Be it little or much of what he left behind—a determined, known, and decreed share.

8:18 And when relatives, orphans, and the needy attend the division,

8:25 “And when kinsfolk and orphans and the needy are present at the division (of the heritage), bestow on them therefrom and speak kindly unto them.” (4:8)

8:37 And when there attend the division of the testator's wealth by will

8:41 His non-inheriting relatives, orphans, and the needy,

8:45 Bequeath a portion of your wealth to the relatives,

8:48 And speak to the orphans and the needy in terms of appropriate kindness,

8:52 Praying for goodness on their behalf.

8:55 “And let those fear (in their behaviour toward orphans) who if they left behind them weak offspring would be afraid for them. So let them mind their duty to Allah, and speak justly.” (4:9)

9:05 “And let those fear (in their behaviour toward orphans) who if they left behind them weak offspring would be afraid for them. So let them mind their duty to Allah, and speak justly.” (4:9)

9:11 And let them speak words of appropriate justice.

9:17 “And let those fear (in their behaviour toward orphans) who if they left behind them weak offspring would be afraid for them. So let them mind their duty to Allah, and speak justly.” (4:9)

9:23 They would fear poverty for their own offspring if they had dispersed their wealth during their lives

9:28 Or distributed it by means of a will

9:31 To their relatives and to the orphans and the needy,

9:35 Preferring instead to keep their wealth for their children out of fear of poverty befalling them after their death,

9:40 Given their vulnerability and incapacity to earn a livelihood.

9:43 So let them direct whoever is making a bequest in their presence concerning his relatives, the orphans, the needy,

9:50 And other matters of his estate, to act with complete justice;

9:53 And let them fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice,

9:57 Which is to inform him of what Allah has permitted him regarding bequests,

10:01 And what He has chosen for testators among the people of faith in Allah, His Book, and His Sunnah.

10:23 Indeed, those who consume the property of orphans unjustly

10:28 Only swallow fire into their bellies on the Day of Resurrection,

10:32 And they will burn in a blazing, ignited Fire.

11:00 Here concludes the text.

11:03 “Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (4:11)

11:13 “Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (4:11)

11:21 “Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (4:11)

11:28 After any bequest he may have made or debt.

11:35 “Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (4:11)

11:45 “Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (4:11)

12:00 If one of you passes away leaving behind male and female children,

12:05 Then for his male and female offspring is his entire inheritance divided among them:

12:10 For the male, what is equal to the share of two females.

12:14 But if the surviving daughters left by the deceased are more than two in number,

12:19 Then for his daughters is two-thirds of the estate;

12:22 And if there is only one surviving daughter left, then for her is half of what he left.

12:27 And for the parents of the deceased, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate,

12:32 If he has a child, whether male or female, single or multiple.

12:39 But if the deceased has no child, male or female, and his parents inherit from him,

12:45 Then for his mother is a third of his estate.

12:49 But if he has siblings—two or more—

12:53 Whether they are two females or more,

12:56 Or two males or more,

12:59 Or one of them is male and the other female,

13:03 Then for his mother is a sixth.

13:05 All of that is divided after the settlement of any debts owed by the deceased,

13:09 And after the execution of his will.

13:12 Your parents and your children—give them their prescribed rights from the inheritance of their deceased,

13:18 For you do not know which of them is nearer and of greater benefit to you in the immediate worldly life or in the hereafter.

13:26 And if he has siblings, then for his mother is a sixth—

13:30 Determined shares made clear by Allah.

13:33 Indeed, Allah is ever All-Knowing of what rectifies His creation,

13:37 And ever All-Wise in His management,

13:40 And in the rulings He decrees among you.

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (4-1) | Surah An-Nisa | Verses from (1) to (11)

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