Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (5-8) | Surat Al-Ma'idah

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:03 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

0:08 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar.

0:14 Surah al-Ma'idah.

0:16 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

0:22 “Allah hath appointed the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a standard for mankind, and the Sacred Month and the offerings and the garlands. That is so that ye may know that Allah knoweth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and that Allah is Knower of all things.” (5:97)

0:28 “Allah hath appointed the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a standard for mankind, and the Sacred Month and the offerings and the garlands. That is so that ye may know that Allah knoweth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and that Allah is Knower of all things.” (5:97)

0:37 “Allah hath appointed the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a standard for mankind, and the Sacred Month and the offerings and the garlands. That is so that ye may know that Allah knoweth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and that Allah is Knower of all things.” (5:97)

0:49 “Allah hath appointed the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a standard for mankind, and the Sacred Month and the offerings and the garlands. That is so that ye may know that Allah knoweth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth, and that Allah is Knower of all things.” (5:97)

0:55 Allah has made the Ka'bah, the Sacred House, a source of stability for the people.

1:00 As well as the Sacred Month, the sacrificial animals, and the garlands.

1:02 Stability for a thing is that which ensures its well-being.

1:06 Like a great king who is the stability for his subjects.

1:09 Because he is the one who manages their affairs.

1:12 Likewise, the Ka'bah, the Sacred Month, the sacrificial animals, and the garlands.

1:17 Were the stability for the affairs of the Arabs during the Age of Ignorance.

1:20 And in Islam, they are for its people the landmarks of their Hajj and their prayers.

1:25 He has ordained that for you so that you may know that Allah knows all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth.

1:32 And so that you may know that He is All-Knowing of everything.

1:37 “Know that Allah is severe in punishment, but that Allah (also) is Forgiving, Merciful.” (5:98)

1:47 Know, O people.

1:49 That your Lord is severe in punishment toward those who disobey Him.

1:53 And He is Forgiving of the sins of those who turn to Him in repentance.

1:56 And He is Merciful, in that He does not hasten to punish them for their past sins.

2:00 The Messenger is not responsible for anything but the conveyance of the message.

2:05 And Allah knows what you reveal and what you conceal.

2:13 Our Messenger has no duty other than to deliver our message to you.

2:17 Then, the reward is with Us, and the punishment is Our responsibility.

2:21 Nothing that any of you does is hidden from Us.

2:25 Whether you manifest it through your actions or speak it with your tongues.

2:29 Or what you conceal within yourselves of faith or disbelief.

2:35 “Say: The evil and the good are not alike even though the plenty of the evil attract thee. So be mindful of your duty to Allah, O men of understanding, that ye may succeed.” (5:100)

2:42 “Say: The evil and the good are not alike even though the plenty of the evil attract thee. So be mindful of your duty to Allah, O men of understanding, that ye may succeed.” (5:100)

2:50 Say, O Muhammad, the evil and the good are not equal.

2:54 Even if the abundance of the people of sin impresses you.

2:57 So fear Allah, O people of intellect and discernment.

3:01 So that you may succeed in attaining what He has.

3:05 “O ye who believe! Ask not of things which, if they were made unto you, would trouble you; but if ye ask of them when the Qur'an is being revealed, they will be made known unto you. Allah pardoneth this, for Allah is Forgiving, Clement.” (5:101)

3:11 If they are made plain to you, they will distress you; do not ask about things.

3:19 If they are made plain to you, they will distress you, and if you ask about them.

3:25 While the Qur'an is being revealed, they will be made plain to you; Allah has pardoned them.

3:31 And Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing.

3:37 It is mentioned that this verse was revealed to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

3:43 Because of questions that certain groups used to ask him.

3:47 Sometimes to test him, and sometimes in mockery.

3:51 Some would say to him, "Who is my father?"

3:55 And some would say to him, when their camel went missing.

3:58 "Where is my camel?"

4:00 “O ye who believe! Ask not of things which, if they were made unto you, would trouble you; but if ye ask of them when the Qur'an is being revealed, they will be made known unto you. Allah pardoneth this, for Allah is Forgiving, Clement.” (5:101)

4:04 If We were to reveal to you the reality of what you ask about.

4:08 Its revelation would distress you.

4:10 Because the revelation only comes to you with that which tests you.

4:15 Either by making an action obligatory.

4:17 Or by prohibiting something that, had it not been prohibited by revelation.

4:22 You would have been at liberty to do.

4:24 Allah has pardoned you for your questions about things that Allah disliked for you to ask about.

4:31 And Allah is the Concealer of the sins of those who repent from them.

4:34 Forbearing, in that He does not punish them for them.

4:39 “A folk before you asked (for such disclosures) and then disbelieved therein.” (5:102)

4:49 Do not ask about the signs.

4:51 And do not search for things that, if they were made plain to you, would distress you.

4:55 For a people before you asked about the signs.

4:59 Then, when they were given them, they became disbelievers in them.

5:04 “Allah hath not appointed anything in the nature of a Bahirah or a Sa'ibah or a Wasilah or a Hami, but those who disbelieve invent a lie against Allah. Most of them have no sense.” (5:103)

5:22 “Allah hath not appointed anything in the nature of a Bahirah or a Sa'ibah or a Wasilah or a Hami, but those who disbelieve invent a lie against Allah. Most of them have no sense.” (5:103)

5:29 And most of them do not reason.

5:34 Allah has not instituted a Bahirah, nor a Sa'ibah, nor a Wasilah, nor a Hami.

5:42 Rather, it is you who have done that, O disbelievers.

5:47 So you prohibited them, fabricating lies against your Lord.

5:50 And most of them do not understand that this prohibition is a lie and falsehood.

5:55 As for the Bahirah, it is the one whose ear was slit.

6:00 The Sa'ibah is the one set free and left alone, and the Wasilah.

6:06 It is the female among their livestock in the Age of Ignorance; if she gave birth to a male and a female.

6:13 It was said that the female had joined her brother by sparing him from slaughter.

6:19 The Hami is the stallion camel that is protected from being ridden.

6:25 Because of the succession of offspring resulting from his stud.

6:30 And when it is said to them, "Come to what Allah has revealed and to the Messenger."

6:37 “And when it is said unto them: Come unto that which Allah hath revealed and unto the messenger, they say: Enough for us is that wherein we found our fathers. What! Even though their fathers had no knowledge whatsoever, and no guidance?” (5:104)

6:47 “And when it is said unto them: Come unto that which Allah hath revealed and unto the messenger, they say: Enough for us is that wherein we found our fathers. What! Even though their fathers had no knowledge whatsoever, and no guidance?” (5:104)

6:57 And when it is said to these people, "Come to the revelation of Allah and the verses of His Book, and to His Messenger."

7:04 So that the falsehood of your claims regarding what you attribute to Allah may be made clear to you.

7:09 They respond by saying, "Sufficient for us is that which we found our forefathers practicing."

7:17 Even if the forefathers of these people did not know that what they attributed to Allah.

7:25 Regarding the prohibition of the Bahirah, the Sa'ibah, the Wasilah, and the Hami, was a lie and a fabrication against Allah.

7:32 Nor were they upon guidance or truth in what they were practicing of that.

7:38 Rather, they were upon misguidance and error.

7:41 “O ye who believe! Ye have charge of your own souls. He who erreth cannot injure you if ye are rightly guided. Unto Allah ye will all return; and then He will inform you of what ye used to do.” (5:105)

7:55 “O ye who believe! Ye have charge of your own souls. He who erreth cannot injure you if ye are rightly guided. Unto Allah ye will all return; and then He will inform you of what ye used to do.” (5:105)

8:05 O you who have believed, you are responsible for yourselves; so rectify them.

8:11 For those who disbelieve and follow a path other than the truth will not harm you.

8:16 If you are guided and believe in your Lord.

8:20 And obey Him in what He has commanded you and what He has forbidden you.

8:25 So you prohibit what He has prohibited and permit what He has permitted.

8:28 And you fulfill regarding those who have gone astray among the people what Allah has obligated upon you of enjoining good and forbidding evil.

8:36 To Allah is your return in the Hereafter, O all you believers.

8:41 Then He will inform every group there of what they used to do in the world.

8:46 Then He will recompense them for their deeds.

8:49 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

8:56 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

9:06 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

9:17 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

9:36 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

9:44 O you who have believed, let there be witnesses among you when death approaches one of you at the time of making a will.

9:53 Two people of integrity and intellect from among the Muslims, or two others from among non-Muslims.

9:59 If you are traveling and the calamity of death befalls you.

10:03 And you entrust them with what you have of wealth and inheritance for your heirs.

10:11 If they fail to deliver to your heirs what you entrusted them with, and you suspect them of betrayal, then the judgment is that.

10:20 You detain them after the prayer, and they shall swear by Allah, if you suspect them of betrayal regarding what we entrusted them with.

10:29 They shall swear by Allah, "We will not swear falsely for any compensation we might take for it, or for any wealth we might take away."

10:37 "Or for any right we might deny to these people whose guardian and deceased person entrusted us."

10:44 "Even if the one we are swearing for is a relative of ours, and we will not conceal the testimony of Allah that we have."

10:52 “O ye who believe! Let there be witnesses between you when death draweth nigh unto one of you, at the time of bequest - two witnesses, just men from among you, or two others from another tribe, in case ye are campaigning in the land and the calamity of death befall you. Ye shall empanel them both after the prayer, and, if ye doubt, they shall be made to swear by Allah (saying): We will not take a bribe, even though it were (on behalf of) a near kinsman nor will we hide the testimony of Allah, for then indeed we should be of the sinful.” (5:106)

10:55 If it is discovered that they have incurred sin, then two others shall stand in their place.

11:08 “But then, if it is afterwards ascertained that both of them merit (the suspicion of) sin, let two others take their place of those nearly concerned, and let them swear by Allah, (saying): Verily our testimony is truer than their testimony and we have not transgressed (the bounds of duty), for them indeed we should be of the evil-doers.” (5:107)

11:21 And we would then be among the wrongdoers.

11:30 If it is discovered that they were lying in their oaths by Allah.

11:38 Then two others shall stand in their place from the heirs of the deceased, from those who were most entitled to the inheritance, instead of the two who were initially entrusted.

11:48 The one closest to the deceased among the first swearers, then the next closest.

11:53 And it is possible it means the one most entitled to take the oath among them.

11:57 Then the two others who stand in the place of those who were discovered to have incurred sin shall swear.

12:04 The ones most entitled to the oath and the deceased from among the betrayers.

12:08 "Our oaths are more truthful than the oaths of the swearers who incurred sin."

12:14 "And their oaths were false, in that they betrayed such and such of our deceased's wealth."

12:21 "And we have not transgressed the truth in our oaths."

12:24 "If we had transgressed in our oaths."

12:28 "And swore falsely and untruthfully."

12:31 "Then we would be among those who take what is not theirs to take."

12:35 "And consume the wealth of people through their false oaths."

12:41 “Thus it is more likely that they will bear true witness or fear that after their oaths the oaths (of others) will be taken. So be mindful of your duty (to Allah) and hearken. Allah guideth not the froward folk.” (5:108)

12:47 “Thus it is more likely that they will bear true witness or fear that after their oaths the oaths (of others) will be taken. So be mindful of your duty (to Allah) and hearken. Allah guideth not the froward folk.” (5:108)

12:56 And fear Allah and listen.

13:00 And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.

13:06 This which I have told you regarding the matter of the executors.

13:11 Is closer to them being truthful in their oaths and not concealing the truth.

13:15 And acknowledging the truth and not betraying the trust.

13:18 Or these executors fear.

13:21 That if it is discovered that they have incurred sin in their oaths by Allah.

13:26 Their oaths will be rejected in favor of the heirs of the deceased.

13:29 After their oaths which were discovered to be lies.

13:34 So they will then be truthful in their oaths and their testimony.

13:38 For fear of scandal upon themselves.

13:41 And fear Allah, O people, and be mindful of Him in your oaths.

13:46 Lest you swear them falsely.

13:48 And take by them the wealth of those whose wealth is forbidden to you.

13:52 And listen to what is said to you and what you are exhorted with, and act upon it.

13:57 And Allah does not grant success to those who deviate from the command of their Lord.

14:01 By disobeying Him, obeying Satan, and rebelling against their Lord.

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (5-8) | Surat Al-Ma'idah | Verses from (97) to (108)

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