Part of Tafsir al-Tabari (the series is complete)
· Lesson 34 of 308
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (26-1) | Surat Al-Shu'ara | Verses from (1) to (51)
0:000:00
Transcript
Machine translation — may contain errors
0:00
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:05
Summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.
0:08
Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.
0:14
Surah al-Shu'ara'.
0:18
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
0:22
Ta-Sin.
0:31
These are the verses of the clear Book.
0:36
Ta-Sin-Mim.
0:39
Indeed, these verses that I have revealed to Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in this Surah...
0:46
...are verses from the Book that I revealed to him before it,
0:50
which clarifies to anyone who reflects upon it with understanding and contemplates it with reason...
0:55
...that it is indeed from Allah.
0:59
"Perhaps you would kill yourself with grief that they do not become believers."
1:06
Perhaps, O Muhammad, you are going to destroy yourself and bring about your own ruin if your people do not believe in you.
1:14
"If We will, We can send down upon them a sign from the heaven, so their necks would remain bowed in humility to it."
1:27
If We so willed, We could send down upon them signs from the heaven,
1:31
so that their necks would remain humbled before the sign that Allah sends down upon them.
1:38
“Never cometh there unto them a fresh reminder from the Beneficent One, but they turn away from it.” (26:5)
1:49
Whenever there comes to these polytheists a reminder and a warning from what Allah originates to you,
1:55
and reveals to you so that you may remind them through it,
1:59
they do nothing but turn away from listening to it.
2:02
“Now they have denied (the Truth); but there will come unto them tidings of that whereat they used to scoff.” (26:6)
2:14
Indeed, O Muhammad, these polytheists have rejected the Reminder that came to them from Allah.
2:20
So there will come to them the news of that which they used to mock.
2:25
And that is a warning from Allah to them that His punishment will descend upon them for persisting in their disbelief.
2:34
“Have they not seen the earth, how much of every fruitful kind We make to grow therein?” (26:7)
2:44
Have these polytheists who deny the Resurrection and the Gathering not looked at the earth,
2:50
how many fine pairs of every noble kind We have caused to grow therein after it was dead?
2:57
"Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not believers."
3:06
"And indeed, your Lord is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful."
3:13
Truly, in Our causing every noble pair to grow in the earth...
3:18
...there is a clear proof for these polytheists who deny the Resurrection.
3:23
Yet most of these deniers of the Resurrection...
3:26
...were not going to believe you regarding the Reminder you brought them from Allah.
3:32
And indeed your Lord, O Muhammad, is the Exalted in Might in His retribution,
3:36
Possessor of mercy for whoever repents.
3:39
"And [remember] when your Lord called Moses, 'Go to the wrongdoing people—'"
3:46
“The folk of Pharaoh. Will they not ward off (evil)?” (26:11)
3:52
“He said: My Lord! Lo! I fear that they will deny me,” (26:12)
3:58
“And I shall be embarrassed, and my tongue will not speak plainly, therefor send for Aaron (to help me).” (26:13)
4:06
“And they have a crime against me, so I fear that they will kill me.” (26:14)
4:15
And mention, O Muhammad, when your Lord called Moses:
4:18
"Go to the disbelieving people—the people of Pharaoh.
4:22
Will they not fear Allah's punishment for their disbelief in Him?"
4:26
Moses said:
4:28
"My Lord, indeed I fear that the people of Pharaoh, whom You commanded me to go to, will deny me.
4:35
And my breast constricts from their denial of me if they reject me,
4:40
and my tongue cannot speak clearly to express what You send me with to them,"
4:45
due to the speech impediment he had on his tongue.
4:48
"So send for Aaron.
4:51
And they have a charge of a crime against me,
4:55
so I fear they will kill me in retaliation for the person I killed among them."
5:02
Allah said, "No, by no means!
5:05
So go, both of you, with Our signs; indeed, We are with you, listening.
5:12
So go to Pharaoh and say, 'Indeed, we are messengers of the Lord of the worlds.'"
5:19
“(Saying): Let the Children of Israel go with us.” (26:17)
5:27
Allah said:
5:28
"By no means!
5:29
The people of Pharaoh will never kill you.
5:32
So go, you and your brother, with Our signs and proofs that We have given you.
5:37
Indeed, We are with you, listening to what they say to you and how they answer you.
5:43
So go, O Moses, you and your brother Aaron, to Pharaoh,
5:46
and say, 'Indeed, we are messengers of the Lord of the worlds to you.'"
5:51
“(Saying): Let the Children of Israel go with us.” (26:17)
5:55
“(Pharaoh) said (unto Moses): Did we not rear thee among us as a child? And thou didst dwell many years of thy life among us,” (26:18)
6:04
“And thou didst that thy deed which thou didst, and thou wast one of the ingrates.” (26:19)
6:13
Pharaoh said:
6:14
"Did we not rear you among us as a child, O Moses?
6:18
“(Pharaoh) said (unto Moses): Did we not rear thee among us as a child? And thou didst dwell many years of thy life among us,” (26:18)
6:21
And you did the deed you did—killing the person you killed among us—
6:24
and you were ungrateful for my favor upon you and my upbringing of you."
6:31
Moses said, "I did it then while I was among those who were unaware."
6:40
“Then I fled from you when I feared you, and my Lord vouchsafed me a command and appointed me (of the number) of those sent (by Him).” (26:21)
6:48
“Then I fled from you when I feared you, and my Lord vouchsafed me a command and appointed me (of the number) of those sent (by Him).” (26:21)
6:56
Moses said to Pharaoh:
6:58
"I killed that person at the time while I was ignorant—
7:03
before divine revelation came to me from Allah prohibiting his murder upon me.
7:08
So I fled from you, O assembly of chiefs from the people of Pharaoh,
7:12
when I feared that you would kill me.
7:15
Then my Lord granted me prophethood and joined me to the ranks of those He sends to His creation to convey His message.
7:35
And as for your rearing of me...
7:37
...and your leaving me unenslaved while you enslaved the Children of Israel...
7:41
Yes, is that a favor from you that you obligingly recount to me,
7:46
simply because you enslaved the people and left me unenslaved?"
7:51
“Pharaoh said: And what is the Lord of the Worlds?” (26:23)
7:56
"Moses said, 'He is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, if you should be convinced.'"
8:09
Pharaoh said, "And what is the Lord of the worlds?"
8:13
Moses said, "He is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and the Owner of everything between them,
8:20
if you are certain that what you witness is real as you see it.
8:25
Likewise, be certain that our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them."
8:33
“(Pharaoh) said unto those around him: Hear ye not?” (26:25)
8:38
“He said: Your Lord and the Lord of your fathers.” (26:26)
8:46
Pharaoh said to those around him among his people:
8:49
"Do you not hear what Moses is saying?"
8:53
So Moses said, "He Whom I call you to worship...
8:58
...is your Lord Who created you, and the Lord of your first forefathers."
9:04
“(Pharaoh) said: Lo! your messenger who hath been sent unto you is indeed a madman!” (26:27)
9:11
“He said: Lord of the East and the West and all that is between them, if ye did but understand.” (26:28)
9:22
So Pharaoh said:
9:24
"Indeed, this messenger of yours who claims to have been sent to you is surely out of his mind!
9:31
For he utters speech that we do not recognize nor understand."
9:36
So Moses said, "He Whom I call you and Pharaoh to worship...
9:41
...is the Master of the east and the west and everything between them,
9:46
if you have intellects with which to comprehend what is being said to you."
9:53
“(Pharaoh) said: If thou choosest a god other than me, I assuredly shall place thee among the prisoners.” (26:29)
10:01
“He said: Even though I show thee something plain?” (26:30)
10:06
Pharaoh said, "Then bring it forth, if you are of the truthful."
10:14
Pharaoh said:
10:16
"If you take a deity other than me, I will surely place you among those in prison!"
10:23
Moses said to Pharaoh:
10:25
"Even if I brought you something that clearly demonstrates the truth of what I say, O Pharaoh,
10:30
and the reality of what I call you to?"
10:33
Pharaoh said to him:
10:35
"Then bring this clear sign demonstrating the reality of what you say,
10:39
if you are truthful in what you claim."
10:43
So he threw down his staff, and behold, it was a manifest serpent.
10:50
And he drew out his hand, and behold, it was white for the onlookers.
10:59
So Moses threw down his staff, and it turned into a serpent,
11:03
making it evident to Pharaoh and the chiefs of his people that it was a real serpent.
11:08
And Moses drew his hand out from his garment,
11:11
and behold, it was white and shining to anyone who looked at it and saw it.
11:17
“(Pharaoh) said unto the chiefs about him: Lo! this is verily a knowing wizard,” (26:34)
11:25
“Who would drive you out of your land by his magic. Now what counsel ye?” (26:35)
11:35
Pharaoh said to the nobles of his people who were around him:
11:39
"Indeed, Moses has bewitched his staff until he showed it to you as a serpent!
11:44
He is possessor of knowledge in magic and skill in it.
11:47
He wants to drive the Children of Israel out of your land toward the Levant by overpowering you through magic.
11:54
So what do you command regarding the matter of Moses, and what counsel do you offer?"
12:01
They said, "Postpone his matter and his brother's, and send gatherers into the cities..."
12:09
“Who shall bring unto thee every knowing wizard.” (26:37)
12:14
The chiefs around him answered, "Delay Moses and his brother, and grant them a respite,
12:19
and send gatherers into your lands and the regions of Egypt to gather to you every magician skilled in magic."
12:28
“So the wizards were gathered together at a set time on a day appointed.” (26:38)
12:34
“And it was said unto the people: Are ye (also) gathering?” (26:39)
12:40
“(They said): Aye, so that we may follow the wizards if they are the winners.” (26:40)
12:48
So the gatherers whom Pharaoh sent to assemble the magicians gathered them together...
12:53
...for the appointed time Pharaoh set with Moses to meet him on a known day,
12:59
which was the Day of Festival, when the people were to be gathered at mid-morning.
13:04
And it was said to the people, "Will you assemble so that you may watch what the two parties do...
13:11
...and to see who will be victorious: Moses or the magicians?
13:15
So that we may follow the magicians if they are the ones who prevail over Moses."
13:21
“And when the wizards came they said unto Pharaoh: Will there surely be a reward for us if we are the winners?” (26:41)
13:30
“And when the wizards came they said unto Pharaoh: Will there surely be a reward for us if we are the winners?” (26:41)
13:40
“He said: Aye, and ye will then surely be of those brought near (to me).” (26:42)
13:48
So when the magicians came, they said to Pharaoh, "Will there indeed be a reward for us for our magic from you...
13:54
...if we are the ones who prevail over Moses?"
13:58
Pharaoh said to them, "Yes, you will have a reward for that,
14:02
and indeed, you will then be among those brought near to us."
14:07
Moses said to them, "Throw down whatever you are going to throw."
14:14
“Then they threw down their cords and their staves and said: By Pharaoh's might, lo! we verily are the winners.” (26:44)
14:25
Moses said to them, "Throw down whatever you are going to throw of your ropes and staffs."
14:32
So they threw down their ropes and staffs from their hands,
14:36
and they swore by the power of Pharaoh, the severity of his authority, and the strength of his kingdom:
14:41
"Indeed, we are the ones who will prevail over Moses!"
14:46
“Then Moses threw his staff and lo! it swallowed that which they did falsely show.” (26:45)
14:53
Then the magicians fell down in prostration.
14:57
They said, "We believe in the Lord of the worlds,
15:03
the Lord of Moses and Aaron."
15:08
So Moses threw his staff when the magicians threw their ropes and staffs,
15:14
and behold, Moses' staff swallowed up the falsehood and magic they produced, which had no reality,
15:21
but was merely an illusion and a trick.
15:24
So when it became clear to the magicians that what Moses brought them was the truth and not magic,
15:30
and that it was something no one has power over except Allah...
15:34
...Who originated the heavens and the earth without any prior model,
15:37
they fell down on their faces in prostration to Allah,
15:41
submitting to Him in obedience,
15:43
acknowledging to Moses that what he brought them from Allah was the absolute truth,
15:49
saying:
15:50
"We believe in the Lord of the worlds Whom Moses called us to worship instead of Pharaoh and his chiefs—
15:57
the Lord of Moses and Aaron!"
16:01
Pharaoh said, "You believed in him before I gave you permission!
16:07
Indeed, he is your chief who taught you magic, so you will surely come to know!"
16:15
“(Pharaoh) said: Ye put your faith in him before I give you leave. Lo! he doubtless is your chief who taught you magic! But verily ye shall come to know. Verily I will cut off your hands and your feet alternately, and verily I will crucify you every one.” (26:49)
16:27
Pharaoh said to those who had been his magicians and then believed:
16:32
"You believed in Moses—that what he brought is the truth—before I permitted you to believe in him!
16:38
Indeed, Moses is your master in magic, and he is the one who taught it to you.
16:44
So you will surely come to know when I punish you the evil consequence of what you have done.
16:49
I will surely cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides—alternating between cutting hands and feet—
16:57
and I will surely crucify you all!"
17:02
They said, "No harm! Indeed, to our Lord we will return.
17:11
“Lo! we ardently hope that our Lord will forgive us our sins because we are the first of the believers.” (26:51)
17:22
The magicians said, "There is no harm to us, even if you do this to us and crucify us; indeed, to our Lord we are returning,
17:31
and He will reward us for our patience under your punishment...
17:35
...and our steadfastness upon His Monotheism and disavowal of disbelief in Him.
17:40
Indeed, we hope that our Lord will forgive us our mistakes that occurred from us prior to our faith in Him,
17:47
so He will not punish us for them,
17:50
because we were the first to believe in Moses and affirm the truth of what he brought regarding the Monotheism of Allah...
17:56
...and the rejection of Pharaoh in his claim to lordship."
17:59
Summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.