Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (24-2) | Surah Al-Nour

0:00 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

0:05 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.

0:08 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

0:14 Surah an-Nur.

0:18 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

0:23 “O ye who believe! Follow not the footsteps of the devil. Unto whomsoever followeth the footsteps of the devil, lo! he commandeth filthiness and wrong. Had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy unto you, not one of you would ever have grown pure. But Allah causeth whom He will to grow. And Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (24:21)

0:30 “O ye who believe! Follow not the footsteps of the devil. Unto whomsoever followeth the footsteps of the devil, lo! he commandeth filthiness and wrong. Had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy unto you, not one of you would ever have grown pure. But Allah causeth whom He will to grow. And Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (24:21)

0:40 “O ye who believe! Follow not the footsteps of the devil. Unto whomsoever followeth the footsteps of the devil, lo! he commandeth filthiness and wrong. Had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy unto you, not one of you would ever have grown pure. But Allah causeth whom He will to grow. And Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (24:21)

0:57 And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.

1:03 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, do not tread the path of Satan and his ways,

1:09 nor follow in his footsteps by spreading immorality among those who believe and broadcasting it among them,

1:17 or by transmitting such rumors from whoever brings them, for Satan surely enjoins fornication and evil speech.

1:25 Were it not for the bounty of Allah upon you, O people, and His mercy toward you, not one of you would ever have been cleansed from the filth of his sins and idolatry;

1:35 but Allah purifies whom He wills of His creation.

1:39 And Allah is All-Hearing of what you utter with your mouths, All-Knowing of all that and of all your other affairs, so that He may requite you for all of it.

1:50 “And let not those who possess dignity and ease among you swear not to give to the near of kin and to the needy, and to fugitives for the cause of Allah. Let them forgive and show indulgence. Yearn ye not that Allah may forgive you? Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:22)

2:03 “And let not those who possess dignity and ease among you swear not to give to the near of kin and to the needy, and to fugitives for the cause of Allah. Let them forgive and show indulgence. Yearn ye not that Allah may forgive you? Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:22)

2:17 And let not those of grace and wealth among you, O believers in Allah, swear

2:23 that they will not give to their relatives—thereby upholding their ties of kinship—and to the needy,

2:29 and to the emigrants who left their homes and wealth in the struggle against the enemies of Allah.

2:35 Rather, let them pardon whatever misdeed occurred on their part,

2:39 such as the offense committed by Mistah against Abu Bakr

2:42 by spreading the slanderous lie concerning his daughter 'A'ishah;

2:47 and let them refrain from punishing them for that by depriving them of what they used to give them previously.

2:54 Instead, let them return to treating them with the same generosity they used to extend to them.

3:00 Would you not love that Allah should conceal your sins on account of your generosity toward them?

3:06 And Allah is Forgiving of the sins of whoever obeys Him,

3:09 Merciful toward them, never punishing them while they comply with His command.

3:32 Indeed, those who falsely accuse of immorality chaste, unsuspecting women—who are innocent of such abominations—

3:37 and who are believers in Allah and His Messenger,

3:40 are expelled from the mercy of Allah in this world and the Hereafter.

3:44 And for them in the Hereafter is a tremendous punishment, should they perish without repenting;

4:01 indeed, they will suffer a tremendous punishment on the Day of Resurrection,

4:04 and that is when each of them denies the sins he committed in the world

4:09 upon being made by Allah to confess them.

4:12 Thereupon, Allah will seal their mouths,

4:15 and their hands and feet will testify against them regarding what they used to do.

4:32 “On the day when their tongues and their hands and their feet testify against them as to what they used to do,” (24:24)

4:38 Allah will pay them in full their due account and just recompense for their deeds,

4:44 and on that Day they will realize that Allah is the manifest Truth,

4:48 Who makes plain to them the true realities of the punishment He had promised them in the world,

4:53 and at that point all doubt concerning it will vanish from the people of hypocrisy.

6:10 And that is Paradise and the honor He has prepared for them therein.

6:17 “O ye who believe! Enter not houses other than your own without first announcing your presence and invoking peace upon the folk thereof. That is better for you, that ye may be heedful.” (24:27)

6:37 “O ye who believe! Enter not houses other than your own without first announcing your presence and invoking peace upon the folk thereof. That is better for you, that ye may be heedful.” (24:27)

6:45 That is, for one of you to say: "Peace be upon you, may I enter?"

6:50 Seeking permission and greeting the residents of the home you wish to enter is far better for you,

6:57 because you do not know, if you were to enter without permission, upon what sight you might stumble,

7:03 whether something that displeases you or pleases you; so that by doing this you may remember Allah's commands to you and the obedience required of you, and thus obey Him.

7:36 But if you do not find anyone in the homes to grant you permission to enter, do not enter them, for they are not yours.

7:45 And if the residents of the homes where you seek permission say to you, "Turn back and do not enter," then turn back;

7:53 for your turning away from them is purer for you in the sight of Allah.

7:56 And Allah, concerning what you do when turning back if told to do so,

8:01 and your obedience to Allah in what He has commanded and forbidden you,

8:05 possesses knowledge encompassing all of it,

8:08 so that He may recompense you for all of it.

8:13 “(It is) no sin for you to enter uninhabited houses wherein is comfort for you. Allah knoweth what ye proclaim and what ye hide.” (24:29)

8:22 And Allah knows what you reveal and what you conceal.

8:29 There is no blame or sin upon you, O people, in entering uninhabited houses without seeking permission;

8:36 for any uninhabited house in which we have belongings may be entered without permission,

8:42 because asking permission is only prescribed to put the occupant at ease before entering;

8:48 whereas if it has no owner residing in it, there is no purpose in seeking permission there.

8:53 Thus, whoever wishes to enter it may do so without asking permission,

8:57 whether to store belongings therein

9:00 or to make use of it to relieve a necessity, such as urinating, defecating, or anything else.

9:06 And Allah knows what you express with your tongues, O people, when asking permission

9:12 as you seek leave to enter the homes of occupants,

9:15 as well as what you conceal within your breasts

9:18 regarding your true intention:

9:20 whether it is obeying Allah and complying with His command, or something else.

9:31 “Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and be modest. That is purer for them. Lo! Allah is aware of what they do.” (24:30)

9:36 “Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and be modest. That is purer for them. Lo! Allah is aware of what they do.” (24:30)

9:43 Tell the believers in Allah and in you, O Muhammad,

9:47 to restrain their glances from what Allah has forbidden them to look upon,

9:51 and to guard their private parts so that no one sees them who is not permitted to do so;

9:57 for lowering one's gaze and guarding one's chastity

10:00 is purer for them in the sight of Allah and far better.

10:03 Indeed, Allah is fully Aware of what you do, O people,

10:07 regarding what He has commanded you of lowering your gaze and guarding your private parts.

10:13 And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their private parts,

10:20 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

10:30 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

10:36 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

10:45 or their fathers, or their husbands' fathers, or their sons,

10:55 or their husbands' sons, or their brothers, or their brothers' sons,

11:10 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

11:19 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

11:26 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

11:37 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

11:45 and repent to Allah altogether, O believers, so that you may succeed.

11:55 And tell the believing women of your Ummah, O Muhammad,

11:58 to lower their gaze from whatever Allah dislikes to be looked upon,

12:03 to guard their private parts from being seen by anyone who is not permitted to see them,

12:08 and not to display their adornment to men who are not their mahrams.

12:13 These are two kinds of adornment: one of them is the hidden adornment,

12:17 such as anklets, bracelets, earrings, and necklaces;

12:23 while the other is that which is apparent of it.

12:26 So let them not display their adornment that is unapparent, but rather keep it concealed,

12:31 such as anklets, earrings, and armlets,

12:35 as well as whatever she has been commanded to cover with her headscarf above the opening of the garment,

12:39 and anything beyond what she is permitted to expose and show in prayer and before unrelated men,

12:46 including the forearms and above that,

12:49 except to their husbands,

12:51 or their fathers, or their husbands' fathers,

12:55 or their sons, or their husbands' sons,

12:58 “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their own husbands or fathers or husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or sisters' sons, or their women, or their slaves, or male attendants who lack vigour, or children who know naught of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment. And turn unto Allah together, O believers, in order that ye may succeed.” (24:31)

13:04 or their women—

13:05 it was said:

13:06 this refers specifically to Muslim women—

13:10 or those whom their right hands possess;

13:11 for there is no harm in her showing them of her adornment what she shows to these relatives.

13:18 Others said,

13:20 rather, the meaning is:

13:22 or those whom their right hands possess of polytheist bondwomen;

13:26 and male attendants who follow you merely for food they may eat with you,

13:30 being mentally deficient,

13:32 having no interest in women and no desire for them;

13:36 or children who have no awareness of women's private parts through sexual relations,

13:41 so that they appear before them due to their young age.

13:44 And let them not strike their feet so as to make their jewelry

13:47 known to people regarding what they conceal thereof when walking or moving them.

13:53 And return, O believers, to the obedience of Allah in what He has commanded you and forbidden you, concerning lowering the gaze and guarding chastity,

14:00 that you may succeed and attain your desires with Him if you obey Him in what He has commanded and forbidden you.

14:09 “And marry such of you as are solitary and the pious of your slaves and maid-servants. If they be poor, Allah will enrich them of His bounty. Allah is of ample means, Aware.” (24:32)

14:18 “And marry such of you as are solitary and the pious of your slaves and maid-servants. If they be poor, Allah will enrich them of His bounty. Allah is of ample means, Aware.” (24:32)

14:26 And Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing.

14:31 And marry off, O believers, the unmarried among your free men and women,

14:38 as well as the righteous among your male and female slaves.

14:42 If those you marry off are in poverty and need,

14:47 Allah will enrich them out of His bounty;

14:50 so do not let their poverty prevent you from marrying them off.

14:54 And Allah is Vast in bounty, granting them abundance from His grace,

14:58 fully Aware of the poor among them and the rich;

15:02 nothing of His creation's condition or their affairs is hidden from Him.

15:08 “And let those who cannot find a match keep chaste till Allah give them independence by His grace. And such of your slaves as seek a writing (of emancipation), write it for them if ye are aware of aught of good in them, and bestow upon them of the wealth of Allah which He hath bestowed upon you. Force not your slave-girls to whoredom that ye may seek enjoyment of the life of the world, if they would preserve their chastity. And if one force them, then (unto them), after their compulsion, lo! Allah will be Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:33)

15:16 And those who seek a contract of emancipation from among those whom your right hands possess, write it for them if you know any good in them,

15:27 “And let those who cannot find a match keep chaste till Allah give them independence by His grace. And such of your slaves as seek a writing (of emancipation), write it for them if ye are aware of aught of good in them, and bestow upon them of the wealth of Allah which He hath bestowed upon you. Force not your slave-girls to whoredom that ye may seek enjoyment of the life of the world, if they would preserve their chastity. And if one force them, then (unto them), after their compulsion, lo! Allah will be Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:33)

15:33 “And let those who cannot find a match keep chaste till Allah give them independence by His grace. And such of your slaves as seek a writing (of emancipation), write it for them if ye are aware of aught of good in them, and bestow upon them of the wealth of Allah which He hath bestowed upon you. Force not your slave-girls to whoredom that ye may seek enjoyment of the life of the world, if they would preserve their chastity. And if one force them, then (unto them), after their compulsion, lo! Allah will be Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:33)

15:44 “And let those who cannot find a match keep chaste till Allah give them independence by His grace. And such of your slaves as seek a writing (of emancipation), write it for them if ye are aware of aught of good in them, and bestow upon them of the wealth of Allah which He hath bestowed upon you. Force not your slave-girls to whoredom that ye may seek enjoyment of the life of the world, if they would preserve their chastity. And if one force them, then (unto them), after their compulsion, lo! Allah will be Forgiving, Merciful.” (24:33)

15:54 and let those who do not find the means to marry women maintain chastity by refraining from committing the indecencies Allah has forbidden them,

16:03 until Allah enriches them out of the abundance of His bounty.

16:07 And as for those of your slaves who request a contract of emancipation from you,

16:11 enter into the contract with them if you recognize in them the ability to practice a craft and earn a living,

16:17 along with the fulfillment of what one has obligated upon oneself and committed to, and truthfulness of speech;

16:22 and give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you,

16:26 which refers to the obligatory charity that has been made incumbent upon the wealthy from their wealth.

16:31 Marry off the righteous among your male and female servants.

16:35 And do not compel your bondwomen to prostitution if they desire to remain chaste,

16:41 seeking thereby the fleeting gains of the worldly life,

16:46 which consists of whatever need they encounter for its fine furnishings, adornments, and riches.

16:52 And whoever compels his slave girls to prostitution,

16:55 then indeed Allah, after their being compelled,

16:58 is Forgiving and Merciful toward them, since they were coerced and forced into that,

17:03 while the burden of that sin falls upon the abusers, not upon them.

17:07 It was mentioned that this verse was revealed concerning 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul,

17:12 when he forced his bondwoman Musaykah into prostitution.

17:17 “And verily We have sent down for you revelations that make plain, and the example of those who passed away before you. An admonition unto those who ward off (evil).” (24:34)

17:36 And We have certainly sent down to you, O people, clear signs and verses that distinguish truth from falsehood,

17:44 and an example from those nations who passed away before you, and an admonition for whoever fears Allah, dreading His punishment and fearing His chastisement.

Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation | Episode (24-2) | Surah Al-Nour | Verses from (21) to (34)

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